Radiology Technology Handbook

Revisions |The contents of this handbook are subject to change based on departmental decision, legislative changes, contractual obligations, or editorial corrections.  The most current edition will supersede any previous editions, unless otherwise indicated.  In addition to this handbook, radiologic technology students are subject to external agency policies and Oakland Community College policies and procedures as listed in the Oakland Community College Catalog, Schedule of Classes, and Student Handbook.  

The numbering system below is strictly for ease of use in the Handbook

College Accreditation - Higher Learning Commission (HLC)
Oakland Community College is accredited by:
The Higher Learning Commission
230 South LaSalle Street Suite 7-500
Chicago, IL, 60604  (312) 263.0456

Program Accreditation |The Radiologic Technology Program is accredited by:
Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology (JRCERT)
20 N. Wacker Drive, Suite 2850
Chicago, IL 60606-3182
(312) 704.5300
https://www.jrcert.org/

The Radiologic Technology Program has been in operation since 1989 and received approval by the Committee on Allied Health Education and Accreditation in 1991, 1993 and by the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology in 1998, 2008 and 2016.  The Program is up for review in 2024.

Section 1: College Policies

Current College policies, including the Academic Appeals policy are available in the college-wide Student Handbook

1.1 FERPA Notice |The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) of 1974 was established to protect the privacy of student educational records.  Only certain employees of Oakland Community College, acting individually or collectively in the educational interest of the student, are allowed access to educational records.  When the collection of personally identifiable information is specifically authorized by federal law, any data collected by such officials shall be protected in a manner which will not permit the personal identification of students and their parents by other than those officials, and such personally identifiable data shall be destroyed when no longer needed.  Except as allowed and required by law, no personally identifiable information from a student’s educational record will be disclosed to any third party (including parent, spouse or other students) by an official or employee of the college without prior written consent of the student.   

To review the college's FERPA policy.

1.2 Appropriate Use of Information Technology |Information technology resources (computers, voice and data networks, electronic data, and information) are provided by Oakland Community College to its faculty, administration, and students in support of the college mission.  OCC’s Technology Appropriate Use Regulations (TAUR) document outlines the appropriate use of college information technology resources. 

1.3 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) |Oakland Community College (OCC) is committed to removing barriers to education that may be experienced by students with disabilities by providing appropriate academic support and accommodations.  The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (section 504) and the American with Disabilities Act (ADA) regulate the provision of services and accommodations for students with disabilities in higher education.  The Accessibility Compliance Center and Educational Support Services (ACCESS) offices are responsible for providing OCC students with accommodations: 

1.4 Title IX Policy and Procedure |Title IX is a federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in educational institutions that receive federal funding. Title IX applies to all students, faculty, and staff in the United States who are employed by, attending, or affiliated with OCC; participating in, or attempting to participate in, any OCC program or activity; and/or visiting OCC’s campuses or any property owned or leased by OCC.

OCC maintains a comprehensive program designed to protect members of the College community from sexual misconduct, including sexual harassment, sexual assault, stalking, and dating violence. Members of the College community who believe that a Title IX violation may have occurred, should discuss their concerns and/or file a complaint with the College’s Title IX coordinator. Visit this page for the coordinator's contact information and information on the Title IX training for students. 

1.5 Equal Opportunity – Prohibition of Discrimination |Oakland Community College, pursuant to the requirements of applicable law and these policies, does not discriminate against applicants, employees or students on the basis of race, religion, color, national origin, citizenship, veteran status, sex, age, height, weight, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity and expression, disability or handicap, nor will sexual harassment or harassment based on other classifications mentioned herein, be tolerated, in its employment practices and/or educational programs or activities. 

Those concerned about the above should contact: 

Equal Opportunity Compliance Officer
Oakland Community College
2900 Featherstone Rd
Auburn Hills, MI 48326
(248) 341-2027

1.6 Public Safety |Oakland Community College’s Department of Public Safety is made up of sworn police officers with the authority equivalent to that of any law enforcement agency.  They are trained to the same standards of any municipal police force with specialized training in basic first aid and CPR, criminal law, investigative techniques, human relations, firearm skills, and defensive tactics.  OCC’s Public Safety department works closely with local, county, state, and federal agencies and regularly uses state and national enforcement networks to check records and enter information on stolen property.  

Personal Protection

• • Abusive language, hostile behavior, carrying weapons or other acts of violence will not be tolerated.  Report such incidents to the DPS. 
  • If you have a Personal Protection Order (PPO), contact the DPS as soon as possible to validate enforcement.
  • Remember where you parked.  Walk confidently to and from your vehicle.  Have your keys ready.  Use the "buddy system", walking to your vehicle with someone. Public safety can be contacted for an escort.
  • Report any suspicious or criminal activity immediately.
  • Always be aware of your surroundings.
  • Using your cell phone, PDA, iPod, etc., leaves the impression that you’re not paying attention and can make the student more vulnerable.
  • Know where you’re going and how to get there.

1.7 Drug & Alcohol Abuse Free College Procedure |College Penalties for Violation of Board of Trustees Drug and Alcohol Abuse Free College Policy. Any employee or student found to be in violation of the policy prohibitions shall be subject to Disciplinary action, up to and including immediate discharge or dismissal; and/or may be required to participate in a substance abuse assistance or rehabilitation program as a condition of continued employment or student status. Immediate discharge shall normally occur for violations involving the unlawful manufacture, distribution, dispensation, possession or use of a controlled substance.

Furthermore, as a condition of continued employment, any employee who is convicted of any state or federal criminal statute, with respect to conduct occurring in the workplace, involving the manufacture, distribution, dispensation, use, or possession of any controlled substance shall provide written notification to the Chief Human Resources Officer of the conviction no later than five (5) days after such conviction. To the extent required by the Drug Free Workplace Act, the College also will notify the applicable federal grant or contract official of convictions so reported. Failure to timely report such conviction shall subject the employee to disciplinary action, up to and including immediate discharge. Any employee who is convicted as described above also may be subject to

Disciplinary action, up to and including immediate discharge or dismissal; and/or may be required to participate in a substance abuse assistance or rehabilitation program as a condition of continued employment or student status. Immediate discharge shall normally occur for violations involving the unlawful manufacture, distribution, dispensation, possession or use of a controlled substance.

Potential Legal Consequences. Violations of laws and ordinances relating to drugs and alcohol also may result in misdemeanor or felony convictions accompanied by the imposition of legal sanctions, which include, but are not limited to, the following:

• • Fines as determined under local, state, or federal laws;
  • Imprisonment, including up to life imprisonment, for possession or trafficking in drugs such as heroin and cocaine;
  • Forfeiture of personal and real property;
  • Denial of federal benefits such as grants, contracts and student loans;
  • Loss of driving privileges;
  • Required attendance at substance abuse education or treatment programs.

State Alcohol Sanctions - Under Michigan law, it is illegal for anyone under the age of 21 to purchase, consume or possess, or have any bodily content of alcohol. The following summarizes some of the potential legal consequences for violating state law.   

• • A first-time conviction may result in a fine, substance abuse education and treatment, community service and court-ordered drug screenings.
  • There also is a provision for possible imprisonment or probation for a second or subsequent offense.
  • The use of false identification by minors in obtaining alcohol is punishable with a fine, loss of driver’s license, probation and community service.
  • Individuals can be arrested and/or convicted of operating a vehicle while intoxicated with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) level at .08 or higher. If a student is under 21, there is a “zero tolerance” law in the state of Michigan, and any blood alcohol level of .01 or higher can lead to a minor in possession (MIP) citation as well as being cited for operating a vehicle while intoxicated, if applicable. This is in addition to suspension of driving privileges in the state of Michigan.

Health Risks Associated with Substance Abuse | Considerable health risks are associated with the abuse of controlled substances. Substance abuse dramatically impairs employee and student performance, contributes to absenteeism, and presents safety risks for not only the abusing employee or student, but also to others within the College community. The following are general descriptions of some of the health risks associated with substance abuse.

Alcohol |Loss of concentration and judgment; slowed reflexes; disorientation leading to higher risk of accidents and problem behavior; risk of liver and heart damage, malnutrition, cancer and other illnesses; can be highly addictive to some persons.

Amphetamines |Can cause rushed, careless behavior and pushing beyond your physical capacity, leading to exhaustion; tolerance increases rapidly; causes physical and psychological dependence; withdrawal can result in depression and suicide; continued high doses can cause heart problems, infections, malnutrition and death.

Cannabis |Can cause permanent damage to lungs, reproductive organs and brain function; slows reflexes; increases forgetfulness; alters judgment of space and distance.

Cocaine |Cause damage to respiratory and immune systems; induces malnutrition, seizures and loss of brain function. Some forms (such as “crack”) are highly addictive.

Hallucinogens (PCP, LSD, ecstasy) |Cause extreme distortions of what's seen and heard; induces sudden changes in behavior, loss of concentration and memory; increases risk of birth defects in user's children; overdose can cause psychosis, convulsions, coma and death. Frequent use can cause permanent loss of mental function.

Inhalants |(Nitrous oxide, Amyl nitrite, Butyl nitrite, Chlorohydrocarbons, Hydrocarbons) Cause nausea, dizziness, fatigue, slurred speech, hallucinations or delusions; may lead to rapid and irregular heart rhythms, heart failure and death; long-term use may result in loss of feeling, hearing and vision; can result in permanent damage to the brain, heart, lungs, liver and kidneys.

Narcotics (Heroin, morphine, Opium, codeine) |Highly addictive; tolerance increases rapidly; cause physical and psychological dependence; overdose can cause coma, convulsions, respiratory arrest and death; leads to malnutrition, infection and hepatitis. Sharing needles is a leading cause of the spread of HIV and hepatitis.

Sedatives |Tolerance increases rapidly; produces physical and psychological dependence; cause reduced reaction time and confusion; overdoses can cause coma, respiratory arrest, convulsions and death; withdrawal can be dangerous; in combination with other controlled substances can quickly cause coma and death.

Availability of Substance Abuse Rehabilitation and Counseling |The College offers educational and referral services to employees aimed at preventing substance abuse and assisting in rehabilitation, if desired, to local agencies offering such services. Interested employees should contact the Human Resources Specialist (Benefits) at (248) 341-2029 or (248) 341-2030. All inquiries are confidential.

The College also offers educational and referral services to students aimed at preventing substance abuse and assisting in rehabilitation, if desired, to agencies offering such services. Interested students should contact the Counseling Department at any campus. Phone numbers for those departments are available at the College website. All inquiries are confidential. Students may also contact the Oakland County Health Department .

Policy Dissemination |The College will provide employees with a copy of the Board of Trustees Drug and Alcohol Abuse Free College Policy and the above provisions of this procedure, and they will also be required to sign acknowledgement forms of these terms at New Employee and New Faculty Orientations. A copy of the Board of Trustees Drug and Alcohol Abuse Free College Policy and the above provisions of these procedures also will be posted on the Public Safety website and the Adjunct Faculty website. Anyone may obtain a copy of the formal policy.

The College will also include the Board of Trustees Drug and Alcohol Abuse Free College Policy and the above provisions of these procedures in the College Catalog, Student Handbook and Employee Handbook. Anyone may reference the Student Handbook.

The College will also annually disseminate an email including the Board of Trustees Drug and Alcohol Abuse Free College Policy and the above provisions of these procedures to all employees and students.

The College Student Safety and Emergency Guide can be accessed here.

1.8 Emergency Preparedness |Remember during an active shooting to RUN. HIDE. FIGHT.

RUN and escape if possible.

• • Getting away from the shooter or shooters is the top priority.
  • Leave your belongings behind and get away.
  • Help others escape, if possible, but evacuate regardless of whether others agree to follow.
  • Warn and prevent individuals from entering an area where the active shooter may be.
  • Call 9-1-1 when you are safe and describe the shooter, location and weapons.

HIDE if escape is not possible.

• • Get out of the shooter’s view and stay very quiet.
  • Silence all electronic devices and make sure they won’t vibrate.
  • Lock and block doors, close blinds and turn off lights.
  • Don’t hide in groups. Spread out along walls or hide separately to make it more difficult for the shooter.
  • Try to communicate with police silently. Use text message or social media to tag your location or put a sign in a window.
  • Stay in place until law enforcement gives you the all clear.
  • Your hiding place should be out of the shooter's view and provide protection if shots are fired in your direction.

FIGHT as an absolute last resort.

• • Commit to your actions and act as aggressively as possible against the shooter.
  • Recruit others to ambush the shooter with makeshift weapons like chairs, fire extinguishers, scissors, books, etc.
  • Be prepared to cause severe or lethal injury to the shooter.
  • Throw items and improvise weapons to distract and disarm the shooter.

Fire Safety

• • Activate building fire alarm and/or call 911
  • Evacuate building, closing all doors
  • Do not use elevators
  • Assist the disabled to get outside
  • Move at least 300-ft. away from the building
  • Proceed to a designated rally point
  • Keep roads and drives clear
  • Remain outside until the “All Clear” is given by Public Safety
  • Do not re-enter the building/area until instructed by Public Safety or a Building Marshal
  • If you are caught in smoke, drop to your hands and knees and crawl. Hold your breath as much as possible. Breathe shallowly through your nose and use a blouse, shirt or jacket as a filter. If you are forced to advance through flames, hold your breath. Move quickly. Cover your head and hair. Keep your head down and eyes closed as much as possible.
  • If your clothing catches fire: STOP...DROP...ROLL

Severe Weather | If you are indoors when the alarm sounds and you are informed it is a weather emergency, proceed immediately to the nearest tornado shelter area.

Go to designated weather shelter - these areas are clearly marked with the words “Tornado Shelter”.
If unable to locate a designated shelter, go to the lowest most fortified (cement) indoor location.
Remain in the shelter area until notified by Public Safety or a Building Marshal that it is safe to leave

"Safe Spots"

• • Under sturdy furniture, such as desks/tables Against outside walls or in doorways. Away from glass windows
  • If you are outdoors and you hear the tornado warning siren (a single, steady, three-minute tone), seek shelter immediately.
  • If you are outdoors and a tornado is approaching, find the lowest ground available, such as a ditch or culvert, and lay as low as possible.

Student Safety & Emergency Guide (OCC Student Handbook) |Introduction - It’s important to know what to do if an emergency occurs while on campus. Students’ actions can affect another student’s safety, as well as the safety of those around that student. Read and understand each section and you’ll know what to do and who to call when there is an emergency or a student feels that a situation may be unsafe.

• • Emergency Numbers - From any campus telephone: Call 911 for Public Safety Emergencies
  • Accidents
  • Fires
  • Crimes
  • Medical Emergencies call 5555 for Public Safety Services from a campus phone
  • Dead Batteries
  • Lost and Found
  • Lockouts 
  • Safety Escorts

To contact Public Safety from off campus or a cell phone call: (248) 858-4951

If you are not sure if an emergency exists, call 911. These calls are answered by the Oakland County Sheriff’s Department, who provides dispatching services for OCC’s Department of Public Safety.

Use these phone numbers for any of the sections in this booklet. If the student doesn’t have access to a phone, find a hall phone, or locate an OCC employee and they can assist in contacting public safety.

Public Safety Services |The OCC Public Safety Department offers the following services to help keep the student and the community safe:

All Criminal Matters

• Medical Issues
• Chemical Spills 
• Parking Enforcement
• Community Policing
• Patrol Services
• Crime Prevention
• Provide Directions
• Disorderly Complaints 
• Publish Crime Statistics
• Emergency Response
• Safety Issues
• Environmental Issues
• Stalking/Assault
• Escorts/Lockouts
• Suspicious Situations
•  Jump Starts
• Traffic Accidents

If the student would like to request assistance or have any questions, the student can contact public safety using the non-emergency phone numbers.

Jeanne Clery Act |The Jeanne Clery Act sets forth guidelines for colleges to provide the student with timely warning of potential or on-going threats, and to provide statistical summaries of crimes on campus. OCC complies with the Jeanne Clery Act by: 

• • Gathering and disseminating information
  • Development of programs and procedures
  • Proactive and reactive responses
  • Placing student, employee, and visitor safety above all else

To find out more about this law and how OCC goes beyond meeting its basic obligations, 

1.9 OCC Safe Mobile App |OCC’s Public Safety Department provides students and employees with immediate access to emergency and safety information. The OCC Safe App provides information, campus emergency alerts, emergency response plans in the event of campus fire, severe weather, and/or other on-campus emergency situations, sharing location information, resources for suicide intervention, mental health, substance abuse, or sexual misconduct issues.

1.10 Shared Governance |The opportunity for shared governance is extended to the students of Oakland Community College by the Board of Trustees and college administration.  Students are invited to participate in the college, campus, and Radiologic Technology committees.  

1.11 N Mark Non-Attendant Policy |This mark is awarded to students who, though registered, never attend class, did not officially drop, and (if an online or hybrid class) have no gradable work.  Marks of “N” do not satisfy prerequisites and are non-transferrable.  This mark is not used in the calculation of GPA, but it may affect eligibility for financial aid.  Instructors confirm non-attendance by the “N” Mark Report Date (found in MyOCC/Online Services for each section) then submit the “N” marks to the institution.  Students who have received an “N” mark will not be permitted to enter the class, nor will the student be able to drop the class.  After the “N” mark has been submitted, a change of grade will not be accepted for the student. College Grading Policy.

1.12 Oakland Community College Mission, Values, and Vision Statements

Become the employer of choice. 

Section 2: Program Information

2.1 Associate in Applied Science ~ Radiologic Technology |Oakland Community College (OCC) Department of Health Sciences & Nursing, at the Southfield Campus, offers the Associate Degree Radiography Curriculum.  The Program is 85 credit-hours and leads to an Associate Degree in Applied Science.  It prepares the graduate to perform technical diagnostic imaging procedures at an entry level in a variety of health care settings.  Successful completion of the program requirements qualifies the student to apply to take the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists Examination for certification as registered radiographers, R.T.(R).

2.2 Program Costs

College tuition and fees.  Additional expenses include:

• Books for all courses    
• Scrubs for 2 clinical sites
• Student physical exam
• Required immunizations
• CPR course
• ACEMAPP Document Keeper
• Trajecsys      
• Fingerprinting, background check, and drug testing
• Student membership to ASRT
• Registry exam

2.3 Program Goals/Outcomes |The curriculum of the OCC Radiologic Technology Program fulfills the education requirements to achieve an Associate in Applied Science-Radiologic Technology.  The goals/outcomes are that the students will be able to:

Develop an understanding of ethical and legal principles of radiologic technology practice.  Perform competently the clinical skills required for safe radiological practice.  Applies knowledge, concepts, paradigms, or theories to the assigned task. (Critical Thinking, Dimension D).

 2.4 Opportunity for a Bachelor’s Degree |Oakland Community College has developed articulation agreements with several universities, designed to facilitate educational mobility for AAS~Rad graduates and provide opportunities for a Bachelors degree in an educationally sound, expeditious, and cost-effective manner.  More information about these programs can be obtained from the Counseling Department.  

Current Transfer Opportunities

2.5 Radiologic Technology Program Mission |The Radiologic Technology Program provides quality learning opportunities that prepare students to function as competent registered radiographers, to practice with professionalism and integrity, to provide quality patient care to diverse communities of patients, and to assume the responsibilities for professional growth in diagnostic imaging.

2.6 Program Philosophy |We espouse the following statements of belief:

The Human Being is a unique, holistic, complex, interdependent, and multidimensional individual, possessing dignity and innate worth.  Each individual has basic biological/psychological/social/cultural/spiritual needs that must be met.  Each individual also possesses free will and has the potential for learning and developing over the life span.

Radiologic Technology is both an academic and a practice-oriented discipline, both an art and a science.  Radiology knowledge and practice are built upon a sound base of general education in the humanities and in the biological, behavioral and social sciences.

Radiologic Technology, as a professional discipline, responds to patients’ health needs.  The clinical practice of Radiologic Technology provides diagnostic procedures in a variety of health care settings.  This program assists students to integrate the basic knowledge and understanding of human beings and their needs with current radiologic knowledge and practice.  Opportunities are provided to enhance and develop critical thinking, problem solving, decision-making, and the use of independent judgment skills consistent with responsible and accountable practice.

As an integral part of the health care system, radiographers participate in collaborative relationships with patients, families, significant others and other members of the health team in order to promote excellence in practice.

Radiologic Technology education is a combination of general education courses in the humanities and in the biological, behavioral and social sciences, and courses in radiographic theory and competent clinical practice.  An organized program of study in a college setting provides an optimal environment for radiography education.  Radiologic Technology education is based on the assumptions that each learner has individual needs, interests, potentials and goals, and that learning can occur in a variety of ways.  The Department of Health Sciences & Nursing has responsibility for the design, implementation, evaluation, and quality of the Radiologic Technology curriculum.

Radiologic Technology education is part of a life-long process of behavioral change toward maximum development of the learner’s potential.  Such change is facilitated through positive teacher-student interactions within an organized educational setting and planned educational experiences.  Radiologic Technology education prepares students to use problem-solving methods, analytical reasoning, and independent judgment skills.

Radiologic Technology education should be responsive to the changing needs of society, the health care delivery system, and the profession.  The Associate Degree level of Radiologic Technology education provides learners with the foundation for educational mobility with a base for competent practice and life long learning.

Teaching/learning is an interactive process wherein principles of teaching the adult learner are utilized to affect attitudinal and behavioral changes in the student.  Through this process, individuals acquire the knowledge, skills, abilities, and attitudes necessary and essential for decision-making and critical thinking, and develop a sense of responsibility for their own learning as well as an awareness of the need for continued learning.

We recognize the uniqueness of each learner as well as the differences in individual learning styles and provide for an atmosphere conducive to learning.  We believe that the instructor’s role is to act as a catalyst, facilitator, mentor, role model, guide, and motivator.  The curriculum, designed by the department, reflects our belief that learning progresses from simple to complex in understanding concepts and their application in Radiologic Technology.  Learning and evaluation are the mutual responsibility of faculty and students.

We are committed to the role of the Associate Degree graduate radiographer in the scope of practice as established by the American Society of Radiologic Technologists.

Associate Degree graduate radiographers are prepared to provide safe diagnostic care to individual patients/clients.  Graduates provide patient-centered care with consideration of the person’s relationships within a family, group, and community.  Associate Degree radiographers are prepared to make independent radiography judgments in providing diagnostic imaging where policies and procedures are specified and guidance is available.  When more complex health care situations are encountered and are beyond the graduates’ knowledge and experience, the graduates are prepared to seek consultation with other members of the health team.  Associate Degree graduates practice collaboratively and interdependently with other members of the health care team with whom they share responsibility and accountability for the patients/clients.

Associate Degree radiographers are prepared to be contributing members of the discipline through their commitment to professional growth and self-development, maintenance of high standards of clinical practice within the ethical and legal framework of the profession, recognition of the importance and role of scholarly pursuits, participation in professional organizations, and awareness of the political, economic, and societal forces affecting practice. 

2.7 Purposes of the Program |The overall purposes of this Associate Degree Radiologic Technology Program are:

1. 1. To prepare graduates to function competently and safely at the entry level within the discipline of radiography.
   2. To prepare graduates to take the ARRT examination.
   3. To provide graduates with a foundation for a higher level of education and upward mobility in the practice of diagnostic imaging.

2.8 Diversity |The Radiologic Technology Program welcomes all individuals; the Program does not discriminate against students on the basis of race, religion, color, national origin or ancestry, sex (including sexual harassment), age, height, weight, marital status, sexual orientation, Vietnam-era veteran status, or disability.  

2.9 Radiologic Technology Program Educational Goals

Program Goals #1

• • Students will be clinically competent.
  • Outcomes
  • Students will practice safe radiation protective procedures.
  • Students will produce quality diagnostic images. 
  • Students will provide appropriate patient care skills.

Program Goal #2

• • Students will utilize independent clinical judgment and critical thinking in the performance of medical imaging procedures.
  • Outcomes
  • Students will perform diagnostic exams on patients in the emergency/trauma setting.
  • Students will be able to accommodate patient needs, modify standard procedures, obtain, and analyze diagnostic images.

Program Goal #3

• • Students will communicate effectively.
  • Outcomes
  • Students will write a research paper complete with bibliography and reference notations using APA format. 
  • Students will present a 15-30-minute presentation of a researched topic.
  • Students will use effective oral communication skills with patients and clinical staff

Program Goal #4

• • Students will assume personal responsibility for professional growth, continued learning, and self-development.
  • Outcomes
  • Students will understand ethical and legal principles and the professional role of a radiographer.
  • Students will increase knowledge of other diagnostic imaging modalities.

2.10 Radiologic Technology Curriculum Sequence |Admission to the Program occurs through an application process.  Students must successfully complete all designated prerequisite courses with a grade of “B” or above, to be able to register for the professional component radiography courses.  The Radiologic Technology curriculum is designed as a full-time study program.  Radiologic Technology courses are sequenced and must be taken in the order indicated.  Students who do not successfully complete any of the RAD semester courses (“75%” or above) will not be able to enroll in the next semester’s courses.  Returning to the program is contingent upon availability of space.

Radiologic Technology (RAL.APP) Degree Program

Radiologic Technology (RAL.APP) Program Plan

Note| Students must successfully complete RAD 2000, RAD 2140, RAD 2009, RAD 2011 and RAD 2088 prior to registering for Winter Semester radiography courses. 

Students must successfully complete RAD 2021, RAD 2110, RAD 2022, and RAD 2199 prior to registering for Summer Semester courses.

Students must successfully complete RAD 2080, RAD 2244 prior to registering for the 2nd year, Fall Semester courses.

Students must successfully complete RAD 2030, RAD 2033 and RAD 2266 prior to registering for the 2nd year, Winter Semester courses. 

Section 3: Radiologic Technology Program General Policies

The following requirements are conditions of admission and continuation in the radiologic technology program.  Any radiography student who does not comply with these regulations, prior to the start of instruction, will be denied entrance to the clinical component. 

3.1 Admission and Retention Requirements |Criminal Background Check:  All selected radiography students must undergo a criminal history check at the student’s expense, including fingerprinting, to verify that they are eligible for admission to the program. 

Either of the following will preclude eligibility for admission:

• • A felony or any attempt to commit a felony within the fifteen (15) years immediately preceding the date of the criminal history check
  • A misdemeanor within ten (10) years immediately preceding the criminal history check.

Moreover, any enrolled student in the program who is arrested for any felony or misdemeanor (including, but not limited to, misdemeanor or felony traffic violations i.e. Operating Under the Influence of Alcohol – OUIL, Operating While Impaired – OWI, etc.) must contact the Program Director at (248) 233-2922 within 72 hours of the arrest.  

Pending verification of the violation, the Program Director, in consultation with the Dean of Health Sciences & Nursing, will then decide subsequent necessary actions related to continued status.  A felony or misdemeanor conviction will preclude continued enrollment in the Radiologic Technology Program.

Drug Screening:  The Radiologic Technology program follows and enforces the Oakland Community College and the clinical affiliated agencies’ policy for maintaining a drug-free campus and work place.  Therefore, a negative result for a urine drug screen test (no drugs found) is a requirement for admission.  

Note: Regarding Marijuana: Marijuana - cannabis - is a Class 1 drug.  Class 1 drugs are not allowed because it can impair cognitive function and is a safety concern when working with patients and/or operating equipment.

Medical marijuana may be legal in parts of Michigan; however, it is illegal federally.  Any institution that accepts Federal funding has to abide by Federal statutes.

All students selected for admission must have a urine drug screen test at their own expense and must be drug free in order to be eligible for admission.  If the result of the drug test comes back indicating that the urine sample is positive, too dilute to measure, not completed by the deadline or otherwise unreadable, the student must submit a hair sample for testing at the student’s expense.  Students with "conditional positive" or "positive" results will be advised by the Dean of Health Sciences & Nursing or a designee appointed by the dean, and will not be eligible to join the program. 

More details about the process of drug testing (where to be tested, the cost of the test, and how the results of the testing are reported to the Health Sciences & Nursing Department) will be sent to the selected students in the information packet and can be obtained from the Health Sciences & Nursing Department.

Drugs, Intoxicants, and Mind-Altering Substances:  Success in radiography, as a student and as a practitioner, requires sound judgment and positive professional relationships with the community, personnel, and the patient.  Behavior that threatens these relationships or alters judgment will endanger effectiveness.  For this reason, students are expected to abstain from the use of illegal or mind-altering substances before or during any contact with faculty, staff, or patients.  Although legal in the state of Michigan, this includes the use of recreational and medically prescribed marijuana or other forms of ingestible tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). As a reminder, under the federal Controlled Substances Act, marijuana is classified as a Schedule 1 controlled substance and is illegal. Consistent with that Act and the federal Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act and the Drug-Free Workplace Act, OCC and the Radiologic Technology Program prohibit the possession, use, distribution, dispensation, sale, or manufacture of marijuana on OCC property or as a part of any OCC or Radiologic Technology Program activity. The passage of the Michigan Medical Marihuana Act (MMMA) in 2008 and the Michigan Regulation and Taxation Marihuana Act (MRTMA) In 2018, does not affect federal law or OCC’s prohibition. This means OCC’s marijuana prohibition applies to both recreational and medical use. Compliance with federal laws requires institutions receiving federal funds to maintain drug-free campuses and workplaces.

Students who arouse the suspicion of the instructor must give permission for immediate laboratory screening for any substance, at the student’s expense.  Declining to do so will result in dismissal from the program.  There is zero tolerance for breaches of this policy.  Documented use of mind-altering or illegal drugs or substances will result in immediate dismissal from the program and failure in the Radiologic Technology courses in which the student is enrolled.  Students will be ineligible for readmission to the program under these circumstances.

3.2  Physical/Immunizations/Titers | A current health history and physical examination are required within three months prior to starting the first clinical radiography course of the program.  The Medical History and Health Examination forms are sent to selected students.  All required immunizations and tuberculin (TB) test or chest x-ray (if TB is positive) must be done as a part of the initial examination.

Students who drop out of the program for more than one year must have another physical examination and have the appropriate forms on file prior to resuming clinical experiences.  

Tuberculosis (TB) clearance must be completed annually prior to the start of the Fall semester and requires a negative TB skin test or negative TB blood test.  If the test result is positive, then additional physician clearance is required and a TB Screening Questionnaire is required annually thereafter.  

To remain fully active in the program, students must meet the standards as listed in the Rad Tech Student Role Requirements and Expectations, section 3.4.

Immunizations: Radiographers and those studying radiography are at risk for increased exposure to certain preventable infectious diseases and other health hazards.  It is important for radiography students to be immunized properly for protection against these diseases and for prevention of spread among patients in the hospitals and clinics.  In addition, students must rigidly adhere to special precautions to minimize risks.

All radiography students must provide documentation of immunity for measles, mumps, rubella, varicella (chickenpox), and Tdap. Influenza must be completed annually, during flu season.  For Hepatitis B, either proof of immunity or a signed, notarized declination of immunization must be submitted (subject to change based on clinical affiliate requirements).  COVID-19 vaccination and boosters are dependent on the policies of the clinical affiliate.  If the student declines to meet the requirements of the clinical site, they will be dismissed from the program. They will not be moved to a different clinical site.  Vaccination policies are subject to change at any time.  

** The program is required to follow the vaccination policies of the clinical partners with which the program is affiliated.  The policies are not those of Oakland Community College.

Documentation requirements are as follows: 

MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) 

> Birth date prior to 1957 

> – OR – Proof of vaccination (series of two) and positive titers for all three 

Varicella (Chickenpox) 

> Proof of vaccination (series of two) and positive titer 

> – OR – Proof of past disease from treating physician at the time of disease and positive titer

Hepatitis B 

> Proof of vaccination (series of three, 2nd and 3rd may be submitted after the due date) and positive titer and Student Release form

> – OR – Signed and notarized enclosed release form if declining vaccination 

Tdap (Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis) 

>Proof of Tdap vaccination within the last ten years 

Influenza 

>Proof of annual seasonal influenza vaccination

COVID-19 

>Vaccination and boosters are dependent on the policies of the clinical affiliate.  If the student declines to meet the requirements of the clinical site, they will be dismissed from the program. They will not be moved to a different clinical site.  Vaccination policies are subject to change at any time.  

IMMUNIZATION REQUIREMENTS MAY BE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AT ANY TIME.

A student with a history of chemical, latex or other sensitivities/allergies is responsible for taking proper precautions and notifying the clinical and lab faculty.

3.3  Health Insurance |Health insurance is strongly encouraged.  The college, the health care facilities, and Workers’ Compensation do not cover the students against accidents or illness.  Many clinical facilities require the student to have medical insurance. If the student is placed at a site that requires health insurance, the student will be required to obtain insurance to complete clinical education.  The student is responsible for all costs associated with health insurance. Students are responsible for the cost of any medical or emergency care. If a student is injured at the clinical site or in the school lab, they must inform the Clinical Preceptor and the clinical Coordinator and/or Program Director.

3.4 Change in Health Status

A. Any student experiencing any significant change in their health status from that which is documented in the Health History and Physical Examination admission forms is required to immediately notify the Clinical Coordinator. 

B. Any student experiencing a significant change in health status (for example: surgery, childbirth, or newly diagnosed illness) that necessitates significant interruption in clinical coursework is required to submit a completed Medical Clearance for Return to Clinical Practice Sessions form prior to return to the clinical practice sessions.  

C. The Medical Clearance for Return to Clinical Practice Sessions form may be found in your Program Handbook. The form, completed by a physician, a nurse practitioner or a physician’s assistant verifies that the student can perform the Role Requirements and Expectations, section 4.4, and that the student can participate in clinical practice sessions fully and safely without jeopardizing their own or others’ health and well-being.  

D. The student who is unable to assume the Role Requirements and Expectations of a Healthcare student, section 3.6, may not participate in clinical practice sessions. Clinical agency policies regarding the health and “return to work restrictions” for clinical personnel will supersede all others. 

E. If a student is unable to assume the responsibilities of a healthcare student, it is the student’s responsibility to discuss the following options with the theory and/or clinical faculty: 

1. A withdrawal from the course (refer to academic policies on progression, grades, and repeated courses). 

2. An incomplete contract for an “I” mark to complete the course by a specified date. 

3.5 Pre-Clinical Certification Requirements |Basic Life Support for the Healthcare Provider (BLS-HCP) through the American Heart Association or the American Red Cross:  Prior to the first clinical course at OCC, students are required to show evidence of current BLS Healthcare Provider Certification.  Certifications must be valid throughout the entire 20-month program.

All required information must be submitted to the Health Sciences Office by the specified dates.  Furthermore, other requirements may be added at any time if necessary, to meet the needs of the external agencies.

Second year radiography students are required to maintain current health records, a CPR certificate, results of TB test (or chest x-ray), and proof of influenza vaccination in the Health Sciences Office.

Any second-year radiography student who is not in compliance with these Eligibility Requirements, prior to Fall instruction, will be denied entrance to the clinical component.

3.6 Role of a Radiography Student ~ Requirements, Expectations, & Standards |Students entering and participating in the Radiologic Technology Program must be able to demonstrate the ability:

 Physical Stamina and Strength

• • to stand for up to 7-8 hours per day
  • to assist in lifting, transferring, and positioning patients
  • to maneuver the portable radiographic unit from department to bedside
  • to maneuver patient wheelchairs or stretchers throughout the facility
  • to reach a height of 40” over the x-ray table

Visual Acuity and Perception

• • to differentiate shades of gray when evaluating the radiographic image
  • to detect subtle differences in contrast and brightness and the relationship of adjacent organs in the radiograph
  • to read and interpret requisitions, patient charts, lab results, and reports
  • to observe and document any situation which may prove potentially hazardous to a patient or other personnel

Manual Dexterity

• • to manipulate the controls and keyboard of the instrument panel of the x-ray unit and computer system 
  • to assist the radiologist during specialized procedures (using both hands to open sterile packages, handling medical supplies such as tubes, needles, syringes, and specimen containers)
  • to coordinate physical movements when assisting patients and producing diagnostic images

Hearing

• • to listen for indicative signs of medical emergency: choking, shortness of breath, patient complaints of pain, and discussion of medical history
  • to understand and respond to directions, instructions, and statements made by patients, instructors, physicians, and peers

Speech

• • to enunciate and be readily understood by patients, physicians and other health professionals  
  • to clearly ask questions when clarification is needed

Emotional Stability and Maturity 

• • to approach highly stressful situations in a calm, safe, and rational manner, to make clinical decisions such as selecting the correct technique, equipment, and safety measures, to assure comprehensive and safe care of patients/clients
  • to react appropriately to critically ill patients and urgent situations
  • to respect patient privacy and demonstrate tact and empathy

3.7 Employment |The Radiography Program is very demanding.  Any student may work while they are a student in the Radiography Program provided the job in no way conflicts with the schedule of classes or clinical assignment and does not affect the performance of the student in the program.  However, the Program does not encourage employment as a student (non-registered) radiographer during the course of the entire program.  Employment in a radiology department may not be substituted for clinical hours while enrolled in the program. 

At no time is a student allowed to replace staff while at the clinical site for their educational experience.

3.8 Tuition and Financial Aid |Students who do not pay tuition by the deadline will be deregistered.  Students who have been deregistered may lose their seat in the program.

3.9 E-mail |Due to FERPA and to maintain student confidentiality, Radiologic Technology faculty will communicate with students using their OCC e-mail address only.  It is the student’s responsibility to check their OCC email daily.  When students receive an email from their instructor or program administrator, proper etiquette is to respond, letting the sender know the message was received.

3.10 Professional Behavior Policies |Violations of any professional behavior policy or College policy may result in academic discipline.  Academic disciplinary actions may include a letter of reprimand, probation, suspension, a failing course grade, or dismissal from the radiography program or college. 

A.   Student Responsibilities for Professional Behavior |Students must comply with the policies of the college, the Health Sciences & Nursing department, and the assigned clinical agencies including those policies that involve: 

• • • • • Accountability 
        • Academic honesty 
        • Confidentiality 
        • Ethical behavior 
        • Professional conduct 

Civility Statement: Oakland Community College radiologic technology students are representatives of the college and are to act professionally in all aspects of their educational experience including the classroom, clinical and community setting. OCC radiologic technology students must uphold the highest standards of professionalism, respect, and integrity in all interactions. Recognizing the vital role of civility in maintaining a safe and effective learning and healthcare environment, students must:

1.  Respect Authority: Show respect towards faculty, clinical preceptors, supervisors, and healthcare professionals by listening attentively, following instructions, and valuing their expertise and guidance.

2.  Professional Communication: Communicate with others in a courteous and professional manner (verbally, nonverbally, and/or in writing), addressing concerns and questions with respect and seeking clarification when needed.

3.  Constructive Feedback: Accept feedback with an open mind and use it as an opportunity for growth and improvement. 

4.  Adherence to Policies: Adhere to all institutional and clinical policies, understanding that these policies are in place to ensure the safety and well-being of patients, staff, and students.

5.  Role Modeling: Strive to be role models of civility and professionalism, understanding that our behavior sets the standard for those who will follow us.

Examples of uncivil behavior include, but are not limited to:  

·    Demeaning, belittling, or harassing others

·    Habitually interrupting or talking over as others speak

·    Sending emails that are inflammatory in nature 

·    Speaking with a condescending attitude

·    Yelling or screaming at instructors, peers, or clinical staff

·    Habitually arriving late to class

·    Discounting or ignoring solicited input from instructors/faculty regarding classroom and/or clinical performance or professional conduct

·    Threatening others: this refers to physical threats, verbal/nonverbal threats, and implied threats

·    Displays of temper tantrums

·    Rudeness that ultimately escalates into threatened or actual violence

·    In-class disruptions (e.g., rude comments, excessive whispering/side conversations, sleeping in class, texting, cell phone and computer misuse)

·    Eyerolling, negative facial gestures, refusing to make eye contact, sighing, walking away while being spoken to, phone use while faculty or peers are speaking

Adhering to these principles contributes to a positive, respectful, and productive learning environment, ultimately enhancing the quality of care provided to patients.

Uncivil behavior will result in disciplinary action that may include dismissal from the program.

B.   Social Networking |The use of cell phones and smart watches in the classroom, lab, or clinical site is not allowed.  

Privacy: The student is not to transmit or post online any individually identifiable information about a student, faculty, or patient.  Students must behave responsibly and adhere to privacy policies.  OCC radiography students are held accountable to the rules and regulations of HIPAA, FERPA, privacy laws, and the clinical agencies’ policy and procedures. Violations of the rules and regulations may result in criminal and/or civil liability and academic disciplinary actions. Academic disciplinary actions are taken for unprofessional behavior such as, but not limited to:

·  Vulgar language

·  Display or use of language or photographs that imply disrespect

·  Posting potentially inflammatory or unflattering material

·  Fraudulently presenting oneself as college faculty or a representative of the college

Students should evaluate their postings with the understanding that they could potentially be viewed by a patient, educational institution, or employer.

Students shall NOT be connected with hospital employees on social media.

C.   Cell Phone/Electronic Devices Usage 

Cell phones/electronic devices may not be used at the clinical sites. Students may not bring cell phones/electronic devices into patient care areas. The use of cell phones/electronic devices disrupts the learning process and interferes with patient care. The students’ priority while in clinic must be the patients. Students may only use cell phones/electronic devices outside the department and then, only in accordance with the policies of the clinical affiliate. Students who violate this policy may be subject to disciplinary action.

Smart watches are prohibited in the classroom, lab, or clinical site.  

D.   Picture Taking and Videotaping

Pictures or videos taken during class, lab, or lab practice must be done so with permission of the person(s) in the picture/video.  Pictures/videos taken at the clinical site MAY NOT be done in patient areas.  Students who violate this policy may be subject to disciplinary action by the college.

E.   Membership to the American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT) 

Required in the second year of the program.  A student membership can be obtained by visiting www.asrt.org and clicking on ‘Resources for Students’.  The cost of a student membership is $35. 

3.11 Vacations |All didactic courses taken at Oakland Community College will follow the dates and times specified in the college calendar.  Clinical courses closely follow the time frame of the college calendar but are not identical. Personal vacations must be planned during program breaks.  A schedule of clinical dates will be available before the fall semester begins.

3.12 Program Grievance Policy |Step One: Students with a concern regarding a didactic course or clinical assignment (evaluation, etc), shall meet with the instructor of the course or Clinical Coordinator of the program within 5 business days, in an effort to resolve the issue.  Dissatisfaction with a grade earned in a course is insufficient grounds for a grade appeal.  However, if the student can provide evidence of an unjust grade that is inconsistent with the course syllabi, or violates a radiography policy or procedure, the student may arrange to meet with the instructor or Clinical Coordinator.  During the meeting, the student must provide written documentation and evidence to support a request for a grade appeal. If the issue is not resolved in step one, the student may progress to step two.    

Step Two: The student shall submit their complaint, in writing, to the Program Director within 5 business days of the meeting in step one.  The written complaint should clearly state the concern and the events that occurred from meeting with the instructor or Clinical Coordinator.  The Program Director will make arrangements to meet with the student and deliver a final decision within 10 business days.  If the student disagrees with the outcome, the student may progress to step three. 

Step Three: The student shall submit their complaint, in writing, to the Executive Director of Health Professions/Dean of Nursing within 5 business days of the meeting in step two.  The written complaint should clearly state the student’s concern and the events that occurred from meeting with the instructor or Clinical Coordinator as well as the end result of the meeting with the Program Director.  The Executive Director of Health Professions/Dean of Nursing will make arrangements to meet with the student and deliver a final decision within 10 business days.  If the student disagrees with the outcome, the student may progress to step four.

Step Four: The student shall submit a letter to the Program Director, requesting a meeting with the Vice Chancellor for Student Services, within 5 business days. The Program Director will arrange for the Vice Chancellor for Student Services and student to meet within 10 business days. All decisions made by the Vice Chancellor for Student Services are final and binding. 

For Other Complaints: Problems encountered by the students, apart from those that require invoking the grievance procedure (e.g. cleanliness of the classroom), should be discussed with the Program Director and/or Clinical Coordinator.  The Program Director and/or Clinical Coordinator will address the concern/complaint with the appropriate department and deliver a response within 5 business days.  Likewise, if problems occur at the clinical site and the student’s Clinical Preceptor is not readily available, the student should discuss their concerns with the Clinical Coordinator and/or Program Director.  The program will investigate for patterns of grievance or complaint, to maintain the integrity of the educational program.

3.13  Professional Recognition (Gifts) |Although appreciated, radiography faculty may not accept personal gifts from students. If you wish to acknowledge a faculty member, we recommend a letter written to the instructor or a small  donation to the OCC Foundation. All contributions are an act of professional giving and recognition. 

Section 4: Academic Policies

4.1 Academic Honesty |Academic honesty involves scholarship, integrity, truth, honesty, the value of knowledge, and the production of independent work. 

It is college policy that no student shall engage in behavior which, in the judgment of the instructor of the class, may be construed as academic dishonesty.  This may include, but is not limited to, plagiarism, presenting another individual’s ideas, data, words, images, or other products without giving credit to the originator, or other forms of academic dishonesty, such as the acquisition (without permission) of tests or other academic materials and/or distribution of the same.  This includes students who aid and abet, as well as those who attempt such behavior.

• • Violations of Academic Honesty: There are many different forms of academic dishonesty.  A list of violations representative of unacceptable academic conduct includes, but is not limited to: 
  • Cheating: Copying or sharing exam answers; presenting false self-identification; using study guides, notes or books that are unauthorized or at inappropriate times; using unauthorized technology during exams; looking at other students’ work during an exam or during an assignment for which collaboration has been barred; allowing another to do work and submitting the work as one’s own; or intentionally undertaking any activity that results in an unfair advantage over other students. 
  • Plagiarism: Using an idea, phrase, or other material from a source without proper acknowledgement of the source or copying or submitting work done by another as one’s own work.  This can be done in the form of paraphrasing without reference to the source, rearranging another’s words and using them as one’s own, or quoting another without the use of quotation marks and reference to the source material. 
  • Facilitating academic dishonesty: Aiding another in an act that violates academic honesty. 
  • Misrepresentation/Fabrication: Falsifying information, citation or data; or misrepresenting oneself or one’s status in the college. 

Consequences of Academic Dishonesty may include a letter of reprimand, probation, suspension, a failing course grade, or dismissal from the radiography program or college. 

4.2 Grading and Evaluation |Successful completion of a Radiologic Technology (RAD) course requires:

1.  Students must earn a 75% (C) or better in all courses required for the Radiography Program 

2.  Students must successfully complete both theory and clinical components in order to achieve a passing letter grade for each RAD course. 

• • • • Students assigned a final grade below 75% in the theory component will be considered “UNSATISFACTORY” and ineligible to progress to the next semester.
      • Students assigned a final grade below 75% in the clinical component will be considered “UNSATISFACTORY” and ineligible to progress to the next semester.

3. All students are informed of inadequate progress prior to the end of the semester.  The instructor will advise or make suggestions for grade improvement.

4. If a student voluntarily withdraws from the Radiography Program, they must set-up an appointment with the Program Director prior to this action.

5. A radiography student who withdraws from a RAD course under failing circum­stances, failing the theory and/or clinical component, after the published college withdrawal date, will be assigned a mark of WS.  Failure to complete the course without notifying the faculty will result in a WS. 

4.3 Grading Scale

Passing Grades		Unsatisfactory Grades		Unsatisfactory Marks
A	93-100%	C-	73-74%	W	Withdrawal
A-	92-91%	D+	71-72%	WS	Stopped Attending
B+	88-90%	D	68-70%	N	Non-Attending
B	84-87%	F	67% or less
B-	81-83%
C+	78-80%
C	75-77%

4.4 Incomplete (I) Marks |This mark will be used sparingly and only when an emergency prevents a student from completing course work during the regular college session.  Before the faculty assigns an incomplete grade, the student is responsible for completing a written agreement with them.  This agreement details the requirements to be met for the completion of the incomplete. The student will not be registered for a course in which he or she has a current mark of I. Without prior faculty-initiated action to change the Incomplete, this mark will become a WS one year subsequent to its original issue. 

4.5 Clinical Evaluation and Performance |Multiple clinical evaluation forms are completed for each semester.  Copies of these forms are in the Student Manual and will be available in Trajecsys.

1.  Communication of Student Clinical Progress

1. 1. Ongoing open communication between the Program Director, Clinical Coordinator, Clinical Preceptor, technologists, and student will provide the student with information about their progress and suggest areas that need improvement. 
   2. Communication Records are used as a tool to facilitate this communication.  These forms are completed by the Clinical Coordinator and signed by the student.  The student will receive a PDF electronic copy. 

2.  Continued Clinical Progress and Improvement

1. 1. Continued observation of the student will be made and any remediation will be provided and documented. 
   2. The student is expected to continue to demonstrate satisfactory performance in all student learning outcomes from prior RAD courses and to demonstrate improvement as their time in the program progresses. 
   3. Students will also be expected to utilize skills and knowledge learned in all prerequisite, co-requisite, general education, supportive, and RAD courses, as well as demonstrate responsible and safe behavior.

3.  Unsatisfactory Clinical Performance

1. 1. The Clinical Preceptor will inform the Clinical Coordinator and the student when performance is unsatisfactory or student learning outcomes are not being achieved in the clinical area. 
   2. The Clinical Coordinator and the student will arrange an individual conference to specify a written remediation plan. 
   3. A student will be notified at approximately mid-term or earlier in the semester if his/her performance is falling below average. 
   4. If the student continually demonstrates unsatisfactory clinical performance and failure to progress, the student will be unable to continue the clinical component and will fail the clinical course. 
   5. The student has the right to continue to attend the theory component until the end of the semester.

4.  Health Facility Request to Remove Student

1. 1. Consistent with agency affiliation agreements, the Health Facility has the right to request the college to remove any student whose work or conduct may be unsatisfactory to the hospital or clinical agency.  
   2. Additionally, the Health Facility shall reserve the right to request that any student be withdrawn from the affiliating site when the student is unacceptable for reasons of health, performance, or other causes deemed by the Health Facility to interfere with Health Facility policy or patient care. 
   3. It is understood that the Health Facility has the right to determine final acceptability.  
   4. A student that has been terminated by the Health Facility will receive a failing grade for the clinical component.  
   5. Students will not be placed at an alternate Health Facility.
   6. The student has the right to continue to attend the theory component until the end of the semester. 

4.6 Progression

1. 1. Radiography courses are in sequence and must be taken in the order indicated in the Radiography Program Manual.  A grade of 75% or better must be obtained in each radiography course.  A student who fails to achieve a 75% is ineligible to progress to the next semester in the program.
   2. A student who fails to achieve a “75%” grade in any radiography course will be dismissed.  Returning to repeat that course, the following year, will depend on program availability.  A student who fails 2 or more courses will be terminated from the program and may not return to repeat any of the failed courses.
   3. Students who do not successfully complete a RAD course, must drop any and all RAD courses for which they are registered and have not started.  They are considered ineligible to register for the next semester in the program and are placed on “inactive status”.  
   4.  Returning to the program is contingent upon availability of space.

4.7 Repeat Policy and Termination |One radiography course may be repeated once (registration and attendance of one or more class meetings constitutes repeating the course).  When a student must repeat a course due to a failing grade or mark, all course requirements must be repeated, including all clinical days.  The student must repeat this radiography course within one calendar year.  If the student subsequently fails the repeated course or another course, he/she will be terminated and will not be eligible for re-entry into the radiography program. 

If the student accrues any two of the following grades or marks, or combination thereof, in any RAD courses, the student will be ineligible to continue or return to the OCC Radiography program: W, WS, or theory/clinical grade below 75% (C- and below).

4.8 Withdrawal |Students who decide to withdraw from a required course or from the radiography program for personal or academic reasons should notify the radiography instructor and the Program Director at the time of their decision to withdraw before taking official action.

1. 1. A personal interview with the Program Director must be arranged to complete an Exit Interview Form which allows the student to be eligible for readmission.
   2. The exit interview is MANDATORY.  No student will be considered for readmission unless a completed Exit Interview Form is on file.
   3. The Department of Health Sciences & Nursing Exit Interview Form does not constitute an official withdraw from the course(s) nor is a substitution for it.

4.9 Official Withdrawal and Refunds |The student is responsible for reporting to Enrollment Services to officially drop a course.  Students must follow the guide­lines published in the college catalog and schedule of classes with regard to withdrawals and refund policies.  Program administrators cannot initiate a withdrawal for a student.  

4.10 Criteria for Readmission |Returning to the radiography program is contingent upon availability of space in the program.  The following requirements must be met by the returning student:

1. 1. The student must indicate their intention to return to the radiography program, in writing, at least 3 months prior to the anticipated date of return to the program or by the date determined during the exit interview with the Program Director.  
   2. The student must comply with all Oakland Community College and program policies and requirements in effect at the time of readmission.
   3. Students will be considered for readmission after a first failure (a final grade below 75%) in a radiography course.  The student is ineligible for readmission after a second failure of the same course or in a different radiography course.
   4. A student who withdraws twice from the radiography program for personal and/or academic reasons (i.e., 2W or 2WS marks or a failing grade) will be ineligible for readmission.  
   5. Radiography students who decide to withdraw from RAD 2000 must reapply for selection into the Program.
   6. In deciding on readmission, the applicant's completion of any remedial action recommended and/or required by the Program Officials and/or their level of progress through the general education and support courses, will be taken into consideration.
   7. Returning students will likely be required to repeat successfully completed courses, as an “audit”.  A program re-entry plan will be created by program officials and shared with the student.    

4.11 College-Wide Appeal Process |The College website states that a student may appeal a final course grade if the grading procedure or result a) did not match the standards communicated in the course syllabus or assignment or b) violated a Board of Trustees policy.  If a radiography student can demonstrate either circumstance within the published timeframe, then a grade appeal may be initiated.

The College process to resolve academic concerns is available to students and will be adhered to by the Radiologic Technology Program.  This process is explained on the college website.  A form is needed for this process, which is available in any dean’s office.  (Rev. April, 2018)

4.12 Process to Withdraw an Academic Appeal |The student initiating an academic appeal process may request in writing to the dean discontinuation of the process at any point. 

Section 5: Student Guidelines: Additional Rules & Requirements

This student information is intended to supplement information in the college catalog - the official publication of the college’s academic policies and regulations.  The college expects each student to be knowledgeable of the information presented herein.  Students enrolled at Oakland Community College are expected to conduct themselves as responsible individuals.  Students are subject to the jurisdiction of the college during their period of enrollment and the college reserves the right to take disciplinary action against those students who, in the opinion of the college representatives, have not acted in the best interest of the students or the college.  Disciplinary action may consist of verbal reprimand, restitution for damages, restriction of privileges, suspension, dismissal, or other action appropriate to the case.

Refer to the Oakland Community College Student Handbook to review rules and regulations regarding disruptive behavior, harassment, parking, safety etc. 

5.1 Dress Code |In compliance with the affiliating health facilities’ dress requirements, the OCC Radiography students who are assigned to the hospitals/clinics for their clinical experience are required to dress as indicated by the following dress code or otherwise stipulated by the affiliation site.  

Students who do not maintain a neat, clean, and professional appearance will be sent home, and clinical time missed must be made up.  Students who have more than two dress code violations will be subject to disciplinary actions.  More than three violations will result in dismissal from the program.

1. 1. Appropriate color scrubs as determined by the assigned hospital, with suitable undergarments and matching scrub jacket (optional).  Scrubs must be appropriately sized and free of odors including but not limited to: cigarette smoke, perfume, cologne, or scented body lotions.
   2. All students must wear deodorant.
   3. Clothing worn under scrub tops must be white, have no visible advertising and shall not hang lower than the length of the scrub top.  Mid-torso must remain covered when bending or reaching.
   4. Hoodies and street jackets are not allowed at any time.  A lab coat or lab jacket is the only cover allowed to be worn over scrubs.
   5. Hospital ID badge and radiation dosimeters must be worn and visible at all times.
   6. Closed toe shoes and socks must be worn (clean tennis shoes are acceptable; no sandals).
   7. Pants must be an appropriate length with the hem not reaching below the heel of the shoe. 
   8. Hair must be neat, clean, well-groomed and a natural color.  If longer than shoulder length, it must be secured back in a well-groomed fashion.
   9. Facial hair should be short and neatly trimmed.
   10. Clean, neat, professional appearance at all times.  Cosmetics must be kept to a minimum  
   11. Visible piercings are limited to two per ear.  They may only be small and post-style.  No gauges, dangling earrings or bracelets.
   12. Body piercings, including but not limited to eyebrow, nose, tongue, lip etc are not allowed.
   13. Visible tattoos are not allowed.  They must be covered with makeup, clothing, or a bandage.  
   14. Nails should be clean and maintained at a working length, less than ¼”.  Rhinestone or appliques, artificial nails, gel, nail wraps, or bond nails are not permitted in patient care areas, due to infection control issues.  Polish, if worn, must be a light, natural shade.

All students are required to wear radiation dosimeter badges at all times while at clinical.

Failure to follow the Guidelines for Acceptable Dress will result in a lower clinical grade, suspension, or dismissal from the program.  The disciplinary action will be dependent on the nature and degree of noncompliance.

*Students are expected to arrive at their clinical assignment in the appropriate uniform.  They must look professional (i.e. clean, neat, clothes ironed, hair combed, etc.).  The Clinical Preceptor may, at his/her discretion, send the student home if the student’s appearance is inappropriate, or does not follow the dress code.  This clinical day must then be made up according to the attendance policies.

5.2 Clinical Education Center Information |Students are assigned to a clinical education site beginning in the Fall Semester.   

• • Corewell Health ~ Farmington Hills, 28050 Grand River, Farmington Hills, MI 48336
  • Corewell Outpatient Campus ~ Livonia, 39000 W. 7 Mile Road, Livonia, MI 48152
  • Corewell Health ~ Dearborn, 18101 Oakwood Blvd., Dearborn, MI 48124
  • Ascension Providence, Rochester Hospital, 101 W. University Dr.,Rochester Hills, MI 48307
  • Huron Valley Hospital, 1 William Carl’s Drive, Commerce Twp., MI 48382        
  • Michigan Medicine, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, Taubman/CVC/Cancer Center
  • Briarwood Radiology, 1901 Briarwood Circle, Bldg. 9, Ann Arbor, MI  48108
  • Brighton Center for Specialty Care (BCSC), 7500 Challis Rd.,Brighton, MI 48116
  • Canton Health Center (CHC), 1051 N. Canton Center Rd., Canton, MI 48187
  • East Ann Arbor Health Center (EAA), 4260 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109
  • Livonia Center for Specialty Care, 19900 Haggerty Rd. Suite 101, Livonia, MI 48152
  • Northville Health Center, 39901 Traditions Drive, Northville, MI 48168
  • South Main Orthopedics, 2098 S. Main Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48103
  • West Ann Arbor Health Center, Parkland Plaza,380 Parkland Plaza, Ann Arbor, MI 48103
  • Mott Children’s Hospital, 1540 E Hospital Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109
  • Domino Farms,  24 Frank Lloyd Wright, Ann Arbor, MI 48106
  • Children’s Hospital of Michigan, 3901 Beaubien Blvd., Detroit, MI 48201
  • John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, 4646 John R St., Detroit, MI 48201
  • Ascension Macomb- Oakland Hospital- Warren Campus, 11800 E. 12 Mile Rd., Warren, MI 48093
  • Trinity Health Oakland Hospital, 44405 Woodward Avenue, Pontiac, MI 48341
  • McLaren Oakland Hospital, 50 N. Perry, Pontiac, MI 48342
  • Henry Ford Macomb Hospital, 15855 Nineteen Mile Road, Clinton Township, MI 48038

The CORE Institute

1. 1. 22250 Providence Suite 401, Southfield, MI 48075
   2. 26750 Providence Suite 200, Novi, MI 48374, Phone: 248-349-7015

5.3 Student Clinical Guidelines|The normal clinical day is scheduled to start between 7:00am and 9:00am.  It is an 8.5-hour day.  There are some rotations that start at different times (i.e. portable/surgery rotation 5:30am - 2:00pm or 6:00am - 2:30; afternoon shift rotation 2:00pm -10:00pm or 4:00pm -12:00am).  Students may not modify their clinical schedule without first consulting with the Clinical Coordinator and their Clinical Preceptor.

1. 1. The normal clinical day is scheduled to start between 7:00am and 9:30am.  It is an 8.5-hour day.  There are some rotations that may start at different times; for example, portable/surgery rotations start as early as 5:30am and afternoon shift start times are anywhere from 2:00pm and 4:00pm.  Afternoons is an 8-hour shift.  Clinical schedule changes are not allowed.
   2. During the 8.5-hour day, the student may have up to 1-hour break for lunch.  Depending on the site, breaks or lunch time may vary.  At NO TIME should the break interfere with patient care; and, if the break or lunch is missed, the time may NOT be subtracted from the end of the shift.
   3. Students should report to their clinical preceptor or contact person when they arrive and when they leave each day. The student is required to use Trajecsys to electronically record their clinical attendance.  All make up time MUST be verified by the clinical preceptor.
   4. If a student leaves the building for break or lunch, he/she must punch out when they leave and punch back in when they return.
   5. If the student is late or absent, he/she is required to call their Clinical Preceptor/contact person as well as the Clinical Coordinator at the college, at least 1 hour prior to their scheduled time to discuss their status.
   6. Students must check with either the supervising technologist or the Clinical Preceptor before leaving for break or lunch.  NEVER go to lunch when you are in the middle of an examination.
   7.  Students are to remain in their assigned areas unless they are reassigned, called to a meeting or on break/lunch.  If there are no exams being performed, check with the Clinical Preceptor or supervisor so that other related clinical activities may be assigned.
   8. When a student leaves the imaging department for a meeting/conference or appointment off site, he/she must inform the Clinical Preceptor or their representative the morning of the appointment and prior to the time they leave.
   9. Students are required to follow all rules and policies established by the affiliate hospitals during the clinical training period.  Hospital rules supersede college rules regarding dress and conduct.
   10. Students are not allowed to hold patients or the IR at any time.  Students are also not allowed to be unsupervised in the department, in the OR or on portables.
   11. All students must maintain confidentiality of medical records in accordance with Health Information Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) guidelines and each hospital’s standards and practices.
   12. Eating is not allowed in patient care areas.  Gum chewing, use of tobacco products, and electronic cigarettes are not allowed in clinical.  Students are to refrain from smoking prior to arriving to the clinical site and during breaks.  There is absolutely no smoking on any hospital campus or on the college campus. 
   13. Patients should not be left alone while in the radiographic room.  If it is necessary to leave the patient alone, the student should put bed rails up, lock the cart, and return quickly from checking images.  Always try to get someone to stay with the patient while gone.  Restraints are only appropriate in circumstances where they are used by order of the doctor.
   14. Students are not to receive personal phone calls while at clinical unless it is of urgent nature.  Cell phones are to be kept in the locker.
   15. Students are not to receive personal visitors in the department.  If it is necessary to have visitors, they must stay in appropriate waiting areas such as the patient waiting area.
   16. Cheating of any form at the clinical site will result in corrective action and possible dismissal from the program, depending on the severity of the offense.  Cheating is defined as: falsifying time cards or time sheets, clocking out another student’s time sheet or card, falsifying patient logs, cheating in any way on a competency exam, intentionally undertaking any activity that results in an unfair advantage over other students, aiding another in an act that violates academic honesty, etc. (See Section Four, Academic Honesty)
   17. If the student is found sleeping at the hospital, the student will be immediately dismissed and the day will be recorded as an absence. 
   18. Any communicable diseases or infections must be reported to the Clinical Coordinator and Clinical Preceptor.  These could be considered hazardous to the hospital environment.
   19. As required according to OSHA standards, all needle-sticks must be reported immediately to the clinical preceptor or supervisor at the hospital as well as the clinical coordinator or program director at the College. 
   20. In the case of a major student/technologist conflict, the student will leave the area (or exam) in question and a meeting between the Clinical Preceptor, Clinical Coordinator, and the parties involved will be arranged.  Conflicts will be evaluated on an individual basis.  The Clinical Coordinator or Program Director must be notified immediately.  

Failure to observe any of the above guidelines will be dealt with in an appropriate manner by either the Clinical Coordinator or the Program Director.  The student’s corrective action depends on the nature and degree of noncompliance.  Any incident that is deemed critical by the clinical site, program officials, or Executive Director of Health Professions/Dean of Nursing, will result in termination from the program. 

5.4 Latex and Other Allergies |A student with a history of chemical, latex or other sensitivities/allergies is responsible for taking proper precautions. If an incidence occurs in the classroom or at a clinical site, the student may need to provide appropriate medical clearance from their physician to return.

5.5 Infection Control |Precautions for handling all patients during procedures where blood/body fluids may be exposed must be carefully followed.  This is necessary to minimize the risk of exposure to any infectious/contagious disease to the student and other patients. 

Procedure| Consider all body fluids, with the exception of sweat, to be potentially infectious. “Blood and body fluids” include:

Blood	Emesis	Lochia
Pleural Fluid	Amniotic Fluid	Sputum
Urine	Peritoneal Fluid	Stool
Tears	Breast Milk	Saliva

All of the above listed fluids shall be treated as hazardous.  Standard precautions will be used whenever there is the likelihood of exposure.

Responsibility |It will be the responsibility of all students to adhere to the following procedures:

A. “Standard Precautions” are to be implemented for all patients undergoing invasive procedures and any procedure which may expose the patient’s bodily fluids to others.

Students are to use particular care to avoid accidental contact with potentially infectious materials through injury or through contact with their mucous membrane or open skin lesions.

1. 1. Gloves are to be worn with every patient.  Hands must be washed prior to gloving.  When gloves are removed, hands must be washed again before contacting another patient.
   2. Gowns are indicated if soiling of clothing with blood or body fluids is likely.
   3. Masks are routinely indicated to protect the patient and students/staff.
   4. Goggles are indicated when personnel will be exposed during procedures which may induce aerosolized blood/body fluids.
   5. Articles contaminated with blood and body fluid(s) can be bagged, sealed closed and disposed of in the regular trash except: If you can squeeze or drip blood or body fluids from the articles (e.g. dressings) they should be bagged and discarded in a biohazard container.  No gloves, 4x4’s, bottles, etc. should be disposed of in a red biohazard bag unless grossly contaminated (dripping).
   6. Care will be taken to avoid needle-stick injuries or any accidental wounds from sharp instruments contaminated with potentially infectious material.  Used needles must not be recapped or bent; they should be placed in prominently labeled, puncture-resistant containers designed specifically for such disposal.  
   7. Put on gloves to clean up initial blood spills.  Spray with 1:10 bleach solution; let stand for 7 – 10 minutes, wipe up.  Discard gloves and wash hands.

Any communicable diseases or infections must be reported to the Clinical Coordinator and Clinical Preceptor.  These could be considered hazardous to the hospital environment.

B. CPR: Bag-Valve-Mask must be used on ALL patients when performing resuscitation.  

C.  Always ask the supervisor or instructor for clarification and instructions.

D. Students having known, or suspected, unprotected contact with patient blood or body fluids must report that event immediately to their supervisor or instructor.

5.6 Occupational Exposure/Risk: Applicants considering a career in Radiologic Technology should be aware that during their course of study and in subsequent employment in the field, they are likely to work in situations where exposure to infectious disease is possible.  This is an occupational risk for all healthcare workers. Persons should not become healthcare workers unless they recognize and accept this risk.  Proper education and strict adherence to well-established infection control guidelines can reduce the risk to a minimum.  Education in infection control procedures is an important part of the Radiologic Technology program. 

Section 6: Classroom Policies

6.1 Theory Attendance |Students are expected to attend all meetings.  Any student absent from class, must notify the instructor.  If the student does not notify the instructor, the absence is unexcused and the instructor may initiate a referral to the Program Director.  If the problem is not resolved, the Program Director may refer the student to the Dean of Health Sciences & Nursing.

Any student absent from an exam will be given a “0” for the exam unless other arrangements have been made with the instructor prior to the administration of the exam.  Tests must be made up within 1 week of the date the test was first administered.

Refer to individual instructor syllabi for policies regarding missed quizzes, exams, and homework. 

6.2  Religious Days |The student is responsible for meeting with the classroom instructor at the beginning of the semester to discuss adjustments to their schedule to allow for observance of religious days.  See Religious Accommodation Form at the back of this Handbook. 

6.3  Cancellation of Theory Class Due to Weather |Official notifications of college or campus closing are available through the Emergency Notification System.  Registration is required to receive this notification.  

If there is official notification of a college-wide closure or closure of your course-specific campus (SF), the theory and lab classes will be cancelled and rescheduled.  At the earliest possible date and time, the instructor will develop a rescheduling plan that optimizes student success.  Please check your OCC email.  

6.4 Taping/Recording of Classes |Students are to request permission from the theory instructor to record lectures/classes.  The recordings are to be used only by the class members during the current term.  The recordings are not to be forwarded to other students in following terms.  All students in the classroom must be aware that recording is in progress during class.  See OCC’s Recording of Class Sessions and Distribution of Course Materials policy.

6.5  Disruptive Behavior |Students should refrain from any behavior that disrupts the learning experience.  Students should also refrain from the use of perfumes, scented lotions, and aromatherapy oils.  Clothing and bags must also be free of odors, including cigarette odors.  Students must wear deodorant.  Students may not make distracting noises in the classroom, including but not limited to chewing noises, tapping, knocking, clicking one’s pen, etc.

6.6  Exams and Testing |Prior to testing, students are required to remove any hats, caps or scarves; turn off electronic devices (cell phones, recorders, smart watches, etc.) and place these items, along with any book bags, purses or coats, at the front of the classroom.  No food or drink is permitted on the desk during testing.  At the discretion of the faculty, students may be directed to remain seated after turning in testing material until all students have completed the test.

Students will provide their own Scantron forms.  A pencil is required to complete the form.  The student is required to carefully record answers to exam questions on the scantron form.  Test scores are based on the scantron exam form that is completed by the student.  The only accepted score is the score from the scantron form. 

Missed exams must be made up prior to the next theory class. Per faculty arrangement, make-up exams will be taken in open lab, ASC, ACCESS or via 1:1 faculty. Students must contact the faculty to arrange time for the make-up exam plan. Scores on exams administered at any time other than the scheduled date and time, unless agreed upon pursuant to an ADA accommodation, will be reduced by 10% of the exam points. 

A student who fails an exam (less than 75%) or drops below the 75% cumulative course grade is responsible for initiating a conference with the instructor for exam review and recommendations.  Exam review shall occur in accordance with the following policies: 

• • Exams may be reviewed with the faculty outside of the classroom time by appointment only, but no later than one week following exam feedback to the class.
  • Radiography test questions and completed scantrons remain the property of the instructor. 
  • Completed scantrons (or copies of completed scantrons) may not be given to students.

Section 7: Lab Policies

7.1 Radiation Safety | The following rules are to be followed by students when performing Radiographic Examinations in the on-campus lab:

1. No student is permitted to operate any x-ray emitting device (fixed tube, portable, or C-arm) without direct/indirect supervision by the faculty or other Registered Technologist.
2. If a Registered Technologist is not available for direct/indirect supervision in the campus lab, the x-ray emitting ability must be disabled and locked (by key or password).
3. Students must wear dosimeters at all times while in the campus lab.

4. When making an exposure:

a. All students must step out of the x-ray radiographic room.
b. The door of the radiographic room shall be completely closed.
c. The person making the exposure shall stand completely behind the wall of the control panel, watching the patient during the exposure.  
d. Multiple exposures should not be made without allowing the tube to cool.

5. Program-owned phantoms are the only devices that may be exposed with radiation.  

6. Students are not allowed to hold a patient or the image receptor (IR) during radiation exposure, under any circumstances. 

7.2 Equipment |All lab equipment is to be treated with respect and handled carefully.  It is the students’ responsibility to immediately inform the PD or CC if there are any problems with the lab equipment. 

Section 8: Clinical Policies

8.1 Student Conduct in Clinical Sites |Students are obligated to meet all standards of conduct required of employees in each clinical site.  Students are expected to behave appropriately in consideration of their "guest" status at these sites.  As a guest, the student will be mindful of picking up after themselves; if lunch or drink items are consumed in the staff room they should be disposed of properly.  The student, as a guest, will be respectful of all items in the staff room including the furniture, tables, televisions, computers, microwave, etc. 

The student should not enter a clinical site feeling they have the right to criticize the policies, procedures, organization, or personnel of the site.  Be aware, also that there are many "right" ways in which to perform various procedures.  The student’s clinical site rotations will intentionally expose them to a variety of methods, equipment, and policies.

Student behavior which is disruptive to a clinical site, will not be tolerated!  If the student is guilty of this type of disruption, the clinic site may request that the student be removed from their site.  The student will not be placed in another site and the student’s status in the program will be jeopardized. 

• Reporting for clinic under the influence of illegal drugs and/or alcohol
• Inappropriate behavior towards patients, visitors, staff, supervisors, or instructors 
• Insubordination
• Possession of and/or use of weapons
• Fighting/Horseplay
• Gambling
• Sleeping on the job
• Theft
• Falsifying records
• Use of department/hospital computer for personal business
• Use of personal cell phone during clinical hours
• Willful damage to hospital property
• Sharing personal beliefs (religious, political or other) with patients or staff
• Excessive absenteeism and/or tardiness (two or more)
• Revealing confidential information about the clinical sites
• Other actions deemed inappropriate by personnel at the clinical site (dress code violation)
• Unsafe practices including:
  • Negligence
  • Failure to report injuries occurring on the job 
  • Failure to follow infection control procedures and Universal Precautions
  • Failure to follow HIPAA 
  • Failure to use safety devices
  • Improper handling of equipment

Each clinical site has the right to refuse a student guilty of unacceptable conduct.  In such instances, a site may immediately terminate a student's assigned rotation.  The student is required to contact the Clinical Coordinator and/or Program Director to schedule a meeting to determine whether the student may continue in the Program.

A written Student Warning Report shall be issued to any student who exhibits inappropriate conduct.  This report is given to the student by the program director/clinical coordinator. More than one (1) such report during enrollment in the program will result in the student being placed on probation.  If a second incident occurs while on probation, it may result in disciplinary action, up to and including suspension/termination from the program, depending on the severity of the infraction.  Any incident, which is deemed critical by the clinical site, program administrators, and/or Executive Director of Health Professions, will result in termination from the program.

8.2 Clinical Placement |Clinical placement includes large acute care hospitals, small acute care hospitals and specialty rotations.  Students who are in the same class as a family member will not be placed at the same clinical site. The program assigns students to their clinical rotations and will not take individual requests.  The College maintains contracts with many health care entities in southeast Michigan; students must not attempt to arrange their own experiences independently.

8.3 Clinical Attendance |Attendance at all clinical and on-campus clinical labs is mandatory.  Students will be assigned to a specific clinical rotation site.  Students may not select or change clinical sites.  Students are expected to be available to rotate to any of the sites currently being utilized by the Program.  In order to be fair to all students, exceptions cannot be made to this policy.

Students are expected to provide their own reliable transportation to each clinical rotation. Individual requests for scheduling to accommodate car pooling cannot be considered.

The students will not be scheduled for more than 40 hours per week in the classroom and clinical facility.  Classes at Oakland Community College may be scheduled in the daytime or the evening.

Students are expected to be in clinical and on time for each scheduled day.  Absenteeism and tardiness will have adverse effects on the student's potential to succeed in the program.  Since this is an accelerated program, there is little time available to review subjects covered when a day of class or clinical are missed.  Strict policies regarding absenteeism and tardiness are enforced in all clinical practice courses for all students.

If any student is ill and the Clinical Preceptor believes participation in the clinical setting may be detrimental to either the student or the patient, the student may, at the instructor's discretion, be sent home and/or required to bring a medical validation of fitness before returning to participation in the clinical assignment.  Missed clinical time will need to be made up.  

8.4 Absences |For the duration of the program, each student is allowed ONE sick day.  This day will not need to be made up.  Any absence beyond one (excused or unexcused) is required to be made up.  Students are not to switch scheduled clinical days.  Students are not allowed to bank hours or flex their schedules.  Personal and medical appointments are to be scheduled on non-clinical days.  If the student must change clinical days (even with advanced notice), students are required to fill out an Absence Form indicating the makeup date.

The following procedure is to be followed when calling in an absence:

1. 1. Contact the clinical site directly and leave a message for the Clinical Preceptor at least 1 (one) hour prior to the assigned starting time.  Failure to report the impending clinical absence shall be considered a lack of accountability for the purpose of clinical evaluation. Get the name of person you spoke to, if not the preceptor.
   2. Leave a voice mail at the College for the Program Clinical Coordinator (248) 233-2918 indicating the anticipated date of return.  Students are expected to make the call, not their spouse, child, friend etc. (Extenuating circumstances will be considered on an individual basis.)

The following policies apply:

1. 1. Days must be made up during the semester break, unless explicitly arranged and approved by the Clinical Coordinator.
   2. Excused absences (proper notification was provided by the student) will be made up on a 1:1 (8 hours missed = 8 hours make-up required).  Unexcused absences (the clinical site/school was not properly notified) will be made up on a 1:1 ½ (8 hours missed = 12 hours make-up required).
   3. More than 3 absences from clinical during the 20-month program will lower the clinical grade by ½ grade (e.g. B+ to B) during the semester the fourth absence occurred.  Repeated occurrences of absenteeism in the clinical rotation portion of the program will be considered excessive and will subject the student to corrective action.  Exceptions to this (serious reasons only) will be determined by the Clinical Coordinator after consultation with the Clinical Preceptor and Program Director.  (See policy on excessive absenteeism & tardiness).
   4. Students are required to fill out an Absence Form in Trajecsys on the day of the absence. Upon returning to clinical, the student must get approval for the make-up dates from their CP.  Within one week, the student will go back into Trajecsys and enter the make-up dates on the Absence Form.  This form must then be signed by the Clinical Preceptor.  It is the student’s responsibility to make sure the CP signs this form. Missed clinical time cannot be made up during regularly scheduled classroom hours, weekends, holidays, or by completing "double shift" or "off shift" rotations.  Once a student has selected the day (or days) that they will make up an absence, it becomes a "scheduled" clinical day.  That is, if the student fails to show up, it will be considered another absence.  An additional 4 hours will be added to the required make up time.
   5. Make-up time can only be made up in increments of 4 or 8 hours unless the deficit time is less than 4 hours.
   6. Time made up must be in the area assigned to when absent (example: 8 hours missed fluoro = 8 hours make-up fluoro).
   7. If required make up time cannot be completed during the break or as arranged with the Clinical Coordinator, the student must then make up the time at the end of the program.

8.5 Tardiness |The student is expected to be at the clinical facility prepared to begin at, or before, the assigned start time.  If a student is tardy, more than four minutes, he or she will be recorded as tardy.  Three tardy days in a semester constitutes an absence and an ENTIRE shift will have to be made-up.  Additionally, a student is expected to check in with the Clinical Preceptor at the start of their shift  If this does not occur, the preceptor has the right to assume that the student has not yet arrived.  

The actual hours must be recorded in Trajecsys.  All make up time MUST be verified by the clinical preceptor.  

*Students are expected to arrive at their clinical assignment in uniform and in acceptable condition (clean neat, ironed, hair combed, etc.).  The clinical preceptor may at his/her discretion send the student home if the student's appearance is inappropriate or does not follow the dress code.  This clinical day must be made up according to the policies identified earlier.

8.6 Excessive Absenteeism and Tardiness |Repeated occurrences of absenteeism and tardiness in the clinical rotation will be considered excessive, and will result in corrective actions.

Any student who has accumulated a total of 4 absences throughout the program will be required to make an appointment with the Clinical Coordinator.  The clinical grade will be lowered by ½ grade (i.e. B+ to B) and the student will be placed on notice for the remainder of the Program.  Any student who has accumulated a total of 4 tardy days in a single semester will be required to make an appointment with the Clinical Coordinator as well.  Any additional incidents of tardiness or absenteeism during the Program will require a meeting with the Program Director to determine the corrective action.  The resulting corrective action may include additional clinical time or possible dismissal from the Program.  

8.7 Transportation to Clinical Sites|The student is expected to be available to rotate to all clinical sites currently being used by the Program (previously listed in this handbook).  Exceptions cannot be made to this policy.  Students are required to complete clinical assignments in a variety of health care institutions within approximately a 50-mile radius of the campus.

It is the responsibility of the student to provide their own transportation to the clinical sites.  Public transportation access is limited in the Metro-Detroit area, and will not be available to all current sites.  Carpooling may be possible with arrangements with fellow students; however, individual student requests for scheduling to accommodate car-pooling will not considered.

8.8 Religious Days |The student is responsible for meeting with the clinical preceptor and clinical coordinator at the beginning of the semester to discuss adjustments to their schedule to allow for observance of religious days.  A Religious Accommodation Request form must be completed (see form at end of Handbook)

8.9 Unsatisfactory Clinical Performance |If a health facility requests that a student be removed from a clinical site for unsatisfactory performance, the student is required to contact the Clinical Coordinator and/or Program Director to schedule a meeting to determine the level of corrective action or if the student may continue in the Program.

8.10 Cancellation of Clinical Due to Weather |Official notifications of college or campus closings are available through the Emergency Notification System.  Radiography students are required to register for this.  Please visit www.oaklandcc.edu/ENS/ to register.  The student is responsible for contacting the clinical site if the college is closed for any reason.

If there is official notification of a campus-specific closing (even if it is SF), students must report to clinical.

If there is a college-wide closing due to inclement weather or otherwise, clinical is also cancelled.  

If the student decides NOT to attend clinical due to inclement weather and OCC does NOT cancel classes on that day, the missed clinical time must be made-up.

If the student goes to clinical on a bad weather day and OCC cancels classes, he/she will be given the option to leave immediately.

8.11 Supervision During Clinical |The Standards for an Accredited Education Program in Radiologic Science indicate:

Until students achieve the program’s required competency in a given procedure, all clinical assignments must be carried out under the direct supervision of a qualified radiographer*. 

The JRCERT defines direct supervision as student supervision by a qualified radiographer* who:

• • reviews the procedure in relation to the student's achievement
  • evaluates the condition of the patient in relation to the student's knowledge
  • is physically present during the conduct of the procedure
  • reviews and approves the procedure and/or image

Students must be directly supervised until competency is achieved.  Once students have achieved competency, they be under under indirect supervision, with the exception of OR, portables, and repeat imaging.  Student must always have direct supervision in these instances. 

The JRCERT defines indirect supervision as student supervision provided by a qualified radiographer* who is immediately available to assist students regardless of the level of student achievement.  

“Immediately available” is interpreted as the physical presence of a qualified radiographer* adjacent to the room or location where a radiographic procedure is being performed.  This availability applies to all areas where ionizing radiation equipment is in use on patients.

After demonstrating competence, students may be permitted to perform procedures with indirect supervision.  Unsatisfactory radiographs shall be repeated only when a qualified radiographer* is physically present.

Based on these requirements, a student in the Radiography Program at OCC:

Based on these requirements, a student in the Radiography Program at Oakland Community College:

1. Must perform procedures with a qualified radiographer* present, directly supervising the student, until competency is achieved in that examination.

2. May perform radiographic procedures with indirect supervision, once competency in those procedures is achieved (except OR, portables, and repeats).

3. Must always be directly supervised in the OR and on portables, regardless of level of competency

4. Must have direct supervision during the conduct of a repeat.  Meaning a qualified radiographer* must be present and approve the student’s procedure prior to re-exposure, regardless of level of competency.

5. Must have images reviewed by a registered radiographer prior to sending the case to PACS.

6. May not take the responsibility or the place of qualified staff. 

Failure to follow/practice the above stated policy will result in immediate leave, suspension, or possible dismissal from the program.                                                 

*The JRCERT defines ‘qualified radiographer’ as: Holds American Registry of Radiologic Technologists current registration in radiography.  Therefore, clinical staff working with students must be ARRT registered radiographers.

A 1:1 student to technologist ratio must exist during clinical time.  There may never be more students present, than technologists working.  

8.12 Radiation Safety |The following rules are to be followed by students when performing Radiographic Examinations in the Radiology Department and in the on-campus lab:

1. No student is permitted to operate the x-ray emitting device without direct/indirect supervision by the faculty, clinical preceptor, or other Registered Technologist.

2. Students must wear a dosimeter badge (one at the collar and one at the waist) at all times while attending clinical practice and in the campus lab.

3. If students purchase their own markers, the 'Right' marker must be red and the 'Left' marker must be blue.

4. When making an exposure:

1. 1. The door of the radiographic room shall be completely closed.
   2. The person making the exposure shall stand completely behind the wall of the control panel, watching the patient during the exposure.  
   3. Multiple exposures should not be made without allowing the tube to cool.

5. Students are not allowed to hold a patient or the image receptor (IR) during radiation exposure, under any circumstances. 

6. Patients are to be shielded whenever the shield will not interfere with the diagnostic quality of the exam.  Patients who are having abdomen or pelvis exams are not to be shielded.

The following procedures should be routinely followed for each Radiographic examination: 

1. 1. Student must properly identify the patient using 2 identifiers.
   2. Students must review and accurately interpret the patient’s requisition/order.
   3. Student must take and document a thorough and legible patient history. 
   4. Students must explain the examination to the patient, emphasizing the need to follow all instructions to include cautioning against movement during the exposure and concise breathing instructions.
   5. Students must set correct exposure technique factors for the examination based on their assessment of patient body habitus and pathology.

    In addition, students are responsible for:

1. 1. Patient positioning
   2. CR placement
   3. Collimation
   4. SID
   5. Marker placement
   6. IR placement
   7. CR/IR alignment
   8. Shielding
   9.  Breathing instructions
   10. Image evaluation

Students must have all images approved by a qualified radiographer before releasing the patient and sending images to PACS.

The student must complete at least 85% of the entire exam (including the computer), in order to be considered an independent quality practice.  Students must complete and log 4-5 independent quality practices, in Trajecsys, prior to completing a ‘procedure’.

8.13 Gonadal Shielding |Gonadal shielding has been a longstanding practice during radiography examinations in instances where the clinical objectives of the examination are not compromised1.  Recent research2 in the effectiveness of gonadal shielding during abdominal and pelvic radiography has found, in most instances, that: 

• gonadal shielding does not contribute significantly to reducing patient risk from radiation exposure; 
• gonadal shielding positioned improperly may have the unintentional consequence of increasing patient exposure; 
• gonadal shielding positioned improperly may result in the loss of valuable diagnostic examination results. 

Consequently, some hospitals have discontinued the use of patient shielding.  These guidelines are NOT yet in textbooks.  You will be required to shield patients whenever the exam allows.  No shielding for pelvis or abdomen imaging.

8.14 Dosimetry and Monitoring

1. All students who participate in using equipment in the energized lab or clinical environment must be monitored for radiation exposure including but not limited to simulation procedures or quality assurance.

2. The use of radiation monitoring devices is mandatory for all students.

3. The program provides each student with two radiation dosimeters, which must be exchanged at the Health Sciences Dept., at the beginning of or end of each month.

4. One badge must be worn at the collar.  It is to remain outside any lead protection.  The second badge is worn at the waist. 

5. Monthly dosimetry reports are available for review in the program’s myLDR.com account.  Students are required to log into their Landauer account to view their exposure readings and then record those exposure numbers (in mrem) in Trajecsys, within 5 days of notification from program director, of the report’s availability.

6. Any student with a reading in excess of 40mrem (0.4 mSv) in one month or two consecutive months with a higher than normal reading, will be notified.  The student will be required to provide a written explanation of their scheduled rotations for the month and what they feel could have contributed to the high exposure.  Further investigation as to all possible causes will proceed if warranted.  

8.15 Dosimeters 

1.  It is the responsibility of the student to wear the monitoring device at all times while in the clinical setting and energized lab.  Failure to do so will result in being sent home.  No Badge, No Beam!

2.  A lost monitor must be reported to the Program Director or Clinical Coordinator immediately.  A written explanation must also be given.  

3.  Repeated loss of monitoring devices may result in progressive disciplinary action.

4.  A lost badge or failure to exchange badges within the monthly time frame will result in a fee of $40.00 per badge.  

[NCRP] National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. 2021. NCRP Recommendations for Ending Routine Gonadal Shielding During Abdominal and Pelvic Radiography. Bethesda (MD): National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Statement No. 13. 

[FDA] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2020. Food and Drugs; radiation protection recommendations; radiological health; recommendations for the use of specific area gonadal shielding on patients during medical diagnostic x-ray procedures. Washington (DC): US Government Publishing Office. 21 CFR Part 1000.50.

8.16 Mammography |The radiography program sponsored by Oakland Community College has revised its policy, effective 8/31/2021, regarding the placement of students in clinical mammography rotations to observe and/or perform breast imaging.  

Under the revised policy, students may request the opportunity to participate in clinical mammography rotations.  The program will make every effort to place students in a clinical mammography rotation if requested; however, the program is not in a position to override clinical setting policies that restrict clinical experiences in mammography to students.  Students are advised that placement in a mammography rotation is not guaranteed and is at the discretion of a clinical setting.  Additionally, the patient has the ultimate decision regarding persons in the mammography suite during their exam. 

The change in the program’s policy regarding student clinical rotations in mammography is based on the sound rationale presented in a position statement on student clinical mammography rotations adopted by the Board of Directors of the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology (JRCERT) at its April 2016 and October 2021 meetings. The JRCERT position statement is included as Addendum A to the program’s policy and is also available on the JRCERT Web site, www.jrcert.org, Program Directors & Faculty, Program Resources.

8.17 MR Safety |To ensure student safety, and in order to assure that students are properly and appropriately screened prior to entering the Magnetic Resonance Imaging environment, each student will be screened according to the following MRI Safety Screening protocol: 

1. Students are instructed regarding safe practices for the MRI environment during Program Orientation, prior to the first clinical rotation.  
2. Following instruction and discussion, each student will be provided a copy of the Oakland Community College Radiologic Technology Program Student MRI Screening Form.  The form and its contents will be explained by program administrators.  Students will be allowed one week to complete the form, in order to verify any pertinent information with their personal medical records as necessary.  
3. The forms will be given to the Clinical Coordinator (CC).  The CC will verify the information and clarify any inconsistencies with the student, as necessary.  The CC will sign the form.  All forms will be placed in each student’s file.  
4. If there is any concern regarding the student's MRI safety form, the form will be discussed with an MRI technologist from a program- affiliated clinical site.
5. Students who have been pre-cleared by program officials, using the form below, will be rescreened on the first day of clinical by MRI personnel.
6. If the MRI supervisor or designee determine at any point prior to or during a rotation, that a student will not be safe in the MRI environment (either with the form or on rescreen at the start of rotation), the student will be rescheduled to a different clinical area with no impact to the student’s grade.
7. If a student’s MRI screening status changes, it is mandatory that the student notify program officials and complete a new MRI Screening Form.

The magnetic resonance environment will be described in detail in the Introduction to Radiography, in the first semester.  MRI clinical rotations occur during semester 4.

If a student is found to have a condition that is a contraindication to entering Zone 3 or 4 of the MRI suite, they are required to have a follow up meeting with program officials to discuss the dangers of the MRI suite to the student.  

A declared pregnant student may go to MRI, but they may not remain in the MR scanner room during image acquisition.  

8.18 Pregnancy Policy

1. Due to radiation hazard to the unborn fetus during the first trimester and for the health and welfare of the baby and mother, a student may elect to voluntarily declare the pregnancy to the program director.  The declaration must be in writing.  In addition, it is recommended that the student consult with their physician.  The student will also submit a statement from their physician verifying pregnancy.  The student has the following options regarding their status in the program:
   1. 1. Continuation in didactic and clinical rotations without restrictions, performing the same duties as all students to assure they can obtain all program didactic and clinical experiences to complete the Program within the same time frame as all students.
      2. Withdrawal from clinical rotations with continued participation in didactic instruction.
      3. Withdrawal from both didactic and clinical rotation.
2. Once the student has notified the program director of their pregnancy, they will be provided with a copy of the NRC guidelines for the pregnant worker.  The Program Director and the student will review the NRC guide 8.13, protective actions and the risks associated with radiation exposure to the fetus.
3. During pregnancy, badge readings may not exceed 40 mrem (0.4 mSv) per month and may not exceed 400 mrem (4 mSv) for the entire pregnancy.  The waist badge will be replaced with a "fetal badge". The student will still wear two dosimeters. One dosimeter should always be worn at collar level and the other dosimeter should be worn at waist level.  When a lead apron is worn, the badge at the collar level should be outside the apron and the fetal badge should be worn under the apron.
4. The student should wear a wrap-around lead apron during exposures to radiation.  Lead aprons of 1.0 mm Pb, worn at fetal level is recommended.
5. The student must be physically able to meet the clinical objectives to continue in the program.  
6. After childbirth, the student must turn in a completed Medical Clearance to Return to Clinical form from their physician, agreeing that the student has the physical ability to re-enter the program.
7. If the student must withdraw from the program because of pregnancy, they can be readmitted to the program after delivery, contingent upon their academic standing, clinical competence, and a statement from their physician that they have the physical ability to re-enter the program.
8. Any student who elects to continue to participate in the clinical portion of the program will be eligible to graduate when they are able to practice the exams, complete all competency requirements, and when all other graduation requirements are satisfied.
9. The declared pregnant student has the option to withdraw the declaration of pregnancy at any time.  Withdrawal of the declaration must be in writing.  The student will then continue her educational program without modification.

8.19 Liability Insurance |Students enrolled in the Radiologic Technology Program are covered by the College’s Certificate of Coverage through Michigan Community College Risk Management Authority and are not required to purchase additional professional liability insurance.

8.20 Release of Liability, Indemnification, and Assumption of Risk |As consideration for permitting me to participate in the Radiologic Technology Program offered by Oakland Community College (“OCC”), I agree to the following. Review and complete this form. 

8.21 Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) |HIPAA is a Federal Law, which creates national standards for the Privacy Security of a patient’s protected health information.  The privacy regulations ensure that Protected Health Information (PHI) is used appropriately by creating a national minimum standard of privacy.  The privacy regulations also give patients specific rights regarding their health information. 

The sharing of PHI is essential to providing and paying for health care services.  HIPAA describes the sharing of PHI as either USE or DISCLOSURE.

HIPAA provides patients with several basic rights that inform and empower them.

1. 1. The right to receive the Notice of Privacy Practices.
   2. The right to inspect & copy his/her PHI.
   3. The right to amend his/her PHI kept by the organization.
   4. The right to restrict the use & disclosure of his/her PHI.
   5. The right to authorize or reject the use & disclosure of his/her PHI for certain activities that fall outside of treatment, payment and operations.
   6. The right to request and receive an accounting of uses or disclosures of his/her PHI for certain activities.
   7. The right to request where and how confidential communications containing PHI are made.
   8. The right to file a complaint directly to the organization or to the Secretary of Health and Human Services about the organization’s privacy practices or suspected violations of HIPAA.

Health care providers often need to discuss patient information in places, such as the Emergency Room or a semi-private room, where privacy is often difficult to achieve.  These discussions may result in an “incidental” disclosure of PHI.  Our goal is not to prevent such discussions, but to make sure everyone is doing what is reasonable to protect patient’s PHI.  Whenever possible, conversations containing PHI should be avoided in public places.

HIPAA requires access only to the minimum PHI necessary to perform a specific task or job. 

To fulfill the minimum necessary standard, employees, vendors, and students should have access to information tailored to their specific job responsibilities.

All new students at a clinical site are required to complete a HIPAA Education Checklist:

1. 1. May be required to sign a Workforce Confidentiality Agreement.
   2. May be required to complete additional “HIPAA Privacy Training” or “User Security Training” and take a brief quiz.

It is a HIPAA requirement that any workforce member who has concerns about privacy rules being complied with or suspects that the rules have been violated, must report their concerns to:

• • The student’s manager or supervisor
  • The Privacy Officer
  • The Security Officer
  • The Local Integrity Officer
  • The Integrity Hotline

Examples of Privacy and Security Issues

• • Inappropriate access by a user who reviews a coworker’s patient records.
  • Employees spreading gossip related to a patient’s or another employee’s PHI.
  • Sharing patient information internally with someone who does not need the information to do his/her job.
  • Disclosing the information to an external individual that does not need the information to treat, pay for service or to perform a health care operations function.
  • Using a case study without removing patient information.

Patient information should not be on display for viewing by the public.

• • Direct computer screens away from public areas.
  • Place documents with patient confidential information face down when not in use or locked in a stored cabinet when not in use for long periods.
  • Students may not access patient information for family members. The student may not access the student’s own information.

Section 9: JRCERT Standards

9.1 Standards for an Accredited Educational Program in Radiologic Sciences 

The program is required to be in compliance with the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology (JRCERT) Standards for Accredited Educational program in Radiologic Sciences.  

The Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology (JRCERT) Standards for an Accredited Educational Program in Radiography are designed to promote academic excellence, patient safety, and quality healthcare.  The Standards require a program to articulate its purposes; to demonstrate that it has adequate human, physical, and financial resources effectively organized for the accomplishment of its purposes; to document its effectiveness in accomplishing these purposes; and to provide assurance that it can continue to meet accreditation standards.  

The JRCERT accreditation process offers a means of providing assurance to the public that a program meets specific quality standards.  The process helps to maintain program quality and stimulates program improvement through program assessment.  There are six (6) standards.  The self-study report, as well as the results of the on-site evaluation conducted by the site visit team, will determine the program’s compliance with the Standards by the JRCERT Board of Directors. Radiography Standards for an Accredited Educational Program in Radiography

Standard One:  Accountability, Fair Practices, and Public Information

The sponsoring institution and program promote accountability and fair practices in relation to students, faculty, and the public.  Policies and procedures of the sponsoring institution and program must support the rights of students and faculty, be well-defined, written, and readily available.

Standard Two:  Institutional Commitment and Resources

The sponsoring institution demonstrates a sound financial commitment to the program by assuring sufficient academic, fiscal, personnel, and physical resources to achieve the program’s mission.

Standard Three:  Faculty and Staff

The sponsoring institution provides the program adequate and qualified faculty that enable the program to meet its mission and promote student learning.

Standard Four:  Curriculum and Academic Practices

The program’s curriculum and academic practices prepare students for professional practice. 

Standard Five:  Health and Safety

The sponsoring institution and program have policies and procedures that promote the health, safety, and optimal use of radiation for students, patients, and the public. 

Standard Six:  Programmatic Effectiveness and Assessment: Using Data for Sustained Improvement

The extent of a program’s effectiveness is linked to the ability to meet its mission, goals, and student learning outcomes.  A systematic, ongoing assessment process provides credible evidence that enables analysis and critical discussions to foster ongoing program improvement.

The complete description of the standards with the narrative statement and specific objectives can be found at the JRCERT website at JRCERT Standards.

A printed copy of the Standards for an Accredited Educational Program in Radiologic Sciences is located in the OCC Southfield Campus Radiologic Technology Lab. 

9.2 Alleged Non-Compliance with JRCERT Standards

Students/individuals have the right to submit allegations against a JRCERT-accredited program if there is reason to believe that the program has acted contrary to JRCERT accreditation standards and/or policies or that conditions at the program appear to jeopardize the quality of instruction or the general welfare of its students.  The individual must first attempt to resolve the complaint directly with institution/program officials by following the Grievance Procedure provided by the institution/program. If the student/ individual is unable to resolve the complaint with institution/program officials or believes that the concerns have not been properly addressed, he or she may submit allegations of non-compliance directly to the JRCERT. 

Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology 

20 N. Wacker Drive, Suite 2850 

Chicago, IL 60606-3182                   

(312) 704.5300

 

The Program will maintain a record of any complaints of violation and the resolution of the complaint.

An investigation into allegations of non-compliance addresses only the program’s compliance with accreditation standards and will not affect the status of any individual student.

Section 10: ARRT Code of Ethics|

You can visit the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) for more details. 

The Code of Ethics forms the first part of the Standards of Ethics.  The Code of Ethics shall serve as a guide by which Registered Technologists and Candidates may evaluate their professional conduct as it relates to patients, healthcare consumers, employers, colleagues, and other members of the healthcare team. The Code of Ethics is intended to assist Registered Technologists and Candidates in maintaining a high level of ethical conduct and in providing for the protection, safety, and comfort of patients. The Code of Ethics is aspirational. 

1. 1. The Registered Technologist acts in a professional manner, responds to patient needs, and supports colleagues and associates in providing quality patient care. 
   2. The Registered Technologist acts to advance the principal objective of the profession to provide services to humanity with full respect for the dignity of mankind. 
   3. The Registered Technologist delivers patient care and service unrestricted by the concerns of personal attributes or the nature of the disease or illness, and without discrimination on the basis of race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, status with regard to public assistance, familial status, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, veteran status, age, or any other legally protected basis. 
   4. The Registered Technologist practices technology founded upon theoretical knowledge and concepts, uses equipment and accessories consistent with the purposes for which they were designed, and employs procedures and techniques appropriately.
   5. The Registered Technologist assesses situations; exercises care, discretion, and judgment; assumes responsibility for professional decisions; and acts in the best interest of the patient. 
   6. The Registered Technologist acts as an agent through observation and communication to obtain pertinent information for the physician to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of the patient and recognizes that interpretation and diagnosis are outside the scope of practice for the profession. 
   7. The Registered Technologist uses equipment and accessories, employs techniques and procedures, performs services in accordance with an accepted standard of practice, and demonstrates expertise in minimizing radiation exposure to the patient, self, and other members of the healthcare team. 
   8. The Registered Technologist practices ethical conduct appropriate to the profession and protects the patient’s right to quality radiologic technology care. 
   9. The Registered Technologist respects confidences entrusted in the course of professional practice, respects the patient’s right to privacy, and reveals confidential information only as required by law or to protect the welfare of the individual or the community. 
   10. The Registered Technologist continually strives to improve knowledge and skills by participating in continuing education and professional activities, sharing knowledge with colleagues, and investigating new aspects of professional practice. 
   11. The Registered Technologist refrains from the use of illegal drugs and/or any legally controlled substances which result in impairment of professional judgment and/or ability to practice radiologic technology with reasonable skill and safety to patients.

Section 11: Resources

11.1 Academic Advisement |Radiologic technology course facilitators and the OCC Counseling Dept serve as radiologic technology program advisors. They can be reached via e-mail, by appointment, or through a message left with the secretaries in the Health Professions office to assist with concerns related to radiologic technology courses, clinicals, grades, progression in the program or future goals.

11.2 D2L |D2L is the online learning management site used by the College. In addition, the radiologic technology program uses email and Trajecsys to disseminate information regarding deadlines, the calendar, assignments, and other important information.

11.3 MYOCC | Online via the College website for: registration, payment and refund information, payment deadlines, and important links.

11.4 Application for Degree |During the last semester of the program, the student must make an appointment with a Southfield counselor to complete an Application for Degree. The student must have completed all required course work, earning a grade of C or above in each required course. 

11.5 Graduation |To be recommended for graduation, a student must:

1. 1. Be in good academic standing.
   2. Have a grade of “C” or above in each radiography course.
   3. Have a grade of a “B” or above in each non-radiography course required for Associate Degree in Applied Science Degree. 
   4. Have passed an exit exam (Mock Registry Exam) with a minimum grade of 80%.

All program requirements must be completed or in progress at the time of registration for RAD 2220 to insure eligibility to apply for the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists upon graduation. 

Graduation applications are completed in March of each year and submitted to the counseling office.

It is the responsibility of the student to meet all course requirements for the RAD Program.

11.6 Registry Applications |OCC radiography graduates are eligible to apply to the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists.  All examinations are computer-based and do not have a postmarking deadline.  The ARRT computerized examinations are administered by PearsonVue Test Centers.  Applicants should allow up to 6 weeks from the date the application is received at the ARRT for examination application processing to be completed.  Individuals anticipating graduation should apply early (up to 3 months before graduation) to ensure securing the desired Pearson Vue testing appointment time. 

Candidates must comply with the “Rules of Ethics” contained in the ARRT Standards of Ethics.  The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists requires documentation of any misdemeanor or felony with the sole exception of speeding and parking violations.  All alcohol and/or drug related violations must be reported.  All potential violations must be investigated by the ARRT in order to determine eligibility.  Individuals who have violated the Rules of Ethics may file a pre-application with the ARRT in order to obtain a ruling of the impact on their eligibility for examination.

11.7 Commencement |Students graduate at the end of the Winter Semester.  They must have completed the degree requirements and have applied for a degree.  Commencement refers to the formal ceremony during which graduates receive their diplomas.  Graduates are honored at the ceremony held during May or June each year.  Graduating students are informed of details early in their final semester.  Graduate radiographers are encouraged to take part in commencement ceremonies.  Cap and gown may be obtained through the Campus Bookstore.

11.8 Honors Convocation |Minimum criteria for Oakland Community College honors is an overall 3.5 grade point average.  College honors are awarded according to the criteria published in the College Catalog.  Early in May, recipients and their families are invited to attend a special ceremony.

11.9 Certificate Ceremony |The certificate ceremony takes place at the end of the Winter Semester, in April, when the students have officially completed all the requirements of the program.  This is a traditional ceremony during which students receive their program certificates.  The Health Sciences & Nursing Department and Campus Administration are responsible for planning the ceremony.  Opportunities for student involvement in planning are provided.

The Certificate Ceremony is not viewed by Oakland Community College Administration and the Health Sciences Department as a substitute for commencement.

Section 12: Campus Resources

12.1 Academic Support Center (ASC) Room A212 |The Academic Support Center (ASC) offers computerized programs to supplement the Radiologic Technology course curriculum.  These programs are designed to offer the students an opportunity to independently enhance their learning and to challenge the knowledge gained within the classroom.  A variety of programs are offered each semester to help students: mini workshops on topics which include but are not limited to time management, note taking or study skills and test taking strategies.  Tutoring may also be arranged. 

12.2 Library |The library is staffed by a full-time librarian who is available to assist students with research on the Internet.  The library is also on-line with Med-line which provides access to medical journals and abstracts all over the world.  The radiography program reference materials are also located in the Library section of the information commons.  Additional CD-ROM programs for radiographic procedures and radiographic exposure are also available.  Phone: (248) 233-2825

12.3 Office of Financial Assistance and Scholarships |The Office of Financial Assistance and Scholarships can provide information on available assistance such as grants, loans, scholarships, and part time employment.  The Health Professions Department supplies information on scholarships available specifically for radiography students.  Phone: (248) 233-2240 (Southfield)

12.4 Counseling |Visit the OCC Counseling Dept.  

12.5 ACCESS Department | Visit  Accessibility Compliance Center and Educational Support Services 

12.6 International Student Services | Visit the International Student Services Dept. 

12.7 Veterans Affairs | Visit Veterans Affairs

12.8 Phi Theta Kappa |Phi Theta Kappa (PTK) is a national honor society organization for community college students.  The path to opportunity begins with Phi Theta Kappa, the world’s most prestigious honor society for two-year colleges.  Becoming a member of this elite organization helps students excel in college and beyond.  As a Phi Theta Kappa member, students gain access to nearly $37 million in exclusive transfer scholarships to approximately 750 four-year colleges and universities.  To join, students must pay a fee and have completed at least twelve credit hours, with a cumulative GPA of 3.5 or higher. Membership is by invitation only.  Alpha Omicron Psi is the Royal Oak/Southfield Chapter of Phi Theta Kappa.

12.9 OtherStudent Organizations  

12.10 Career Opportunities |OCC’s Career Services office is located at the Auburn Hills Campus. They offer services to OCC students and alumni in resume writing and employment related workshops, and hold job fairs. They also utilize the College Central Network’s job database. For more information call (248) 232-4730.

Section 13: Professional Organizations

American Society of Radiologic Technologists | The American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT) is approximately a 100,000-member organization serving the needs of technologists in all 50 states and Puerto Rico.  The ASRT functions to give professional guidance and assistance to its members.  The ASRT becomes involved in legislation affecting technologists, provides services such as insurance, low cost loans, continuing education programs, and a wide variety of services to individual technologists as well as to local technologist’s organizations.

Active ASRT membership provides bimonthly copies of the ASRT journal “Radiologic Technology”, the ASRT newsletter, the “Scanner” and discounts on supplies, services and a national annual meeting.  Student membership fees are $35.00.  Applications are available on-line at ASRT.org.

Michigan Society of Radiologic Technologists |The Michigan Society of Radiologic Technologists (MSRT) is the state professional organization.  Membership provides a newsletter, educational programs, and meetings that enable the technologist to remain current in their profession.  Students are encouraged to become members and attend regular scheduled meetings that provide information regarding current trends in radiology, continuing education credits and networking for technologists.  Students are offered a discount membership fee of $10.00.  Applications are available on-line at www.msrt.org

Section 14: College Student Handbook

Section 15: Forms

• • Religious Accommodation Request 
  • Medical Clearance Form for Return to Clinical 
  • Release of Liability, Indemnification, and Assumption of Risk

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